Effects of bark beetle outbreaks on species composition, biomass, and nutrient distribution in a mixed deciduous forest

Johnson, D W; Henderson, G S; Harris, W F

Title: Effects of bark beetle outbreaks on species composition, biomass, and nutrient distribution in a mixed deciduous forest

Full Record
Other Related Research

Abstract

The increment of forest biomass and nutrient content on Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee, from 1967 to 1983 was interrupted by two bark beetle outbreaks. An outbreak of the southern pine beetle in the early 1970s and an outbreak of the hickory borer in the late 1970s, early 1980s killed a number of shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata) and hickory (Carya spp.) respectively. Yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) growth increased over this 16-year period, especially in response to the mortality of shortleaf pine. The net result of these events was little change in total biomass but a substantial shift in species composition (from pine to yellow-poplar) in the Pine forest type over this period. No species has yet responded to the mortality of hickory. Due to the shift in species composition in the Pine type, calcium and magnesium accumulation rates in biomass increased but foliage biomass decreased over the inventory period. There was little change in foliage biomass or nutrient content in other forest types. The beetle attacks, combined with apparently natural self-thinning, caused a large increase in standing dead biomass and in nutrient return via tree fall. This increased rate of return will substantially alter forest floor nutrient content and availability, especially withmore » regard to calcium and nitrogen.« less

Authors:: Johnson, D W; Henderson, G S; Harris, W F

Publication Date:: Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1987

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA); Missouri Univ., Columbia (USA). School of Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlife; National Science Foundation, Washington, DC (USA)

OSTI Identifier:: 7190880

Report Number(s):: CONF-870201-1
ON: DE86007237

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-84OR21400

Resource Type:: Conference

Resource Relation:: Conference: Central hardwood forest conference, Knoxville, TN, USA, 24 Feb 1987; Other Information: Portions of this document are illegible in microfiche products

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; FORESTS; SPECIES DIVERSITY; INSECTS; ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS; BIOMASS; MINERAL CYCLING; MORTALITY; NUTRIENTS; OAK RIDGE RESERVATION; TREES; ANIMALS; ARTHROPODS; ENERGY SOURCES; INVERTEBRATES; NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS; PLANTS; RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES; US DOE; US ERDA; US ORGANIZATIONS; 510100* - Environment, Terrestrial- Basic Studies- (-1989)

Citation Formats


                    Johnson, D W, Henderson, G S, and Harris, W F. Effects of bark beetle outbreaks on species composition, biomass, and nutrient distribution in a mixed deciduous forest.  United States: N. p., 1987. 
        Web.

Copy to clipboard


                    Johnson, D W, Henderson, G S, & Harris, W F. Effects of bark beetle outbreaks on species composition, biomass, and nutrient distribution in a mixed deciduous forest.  United States.

Copy to clipboard


                    Johnson, D W, Henderson, G S, and Harris, W F. 1987.  
        "Effects of bark beetle outbreaks on species composition, biomass, and nutrient distribution in a mixed deciduous forest".  United States.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_7190880,

  title        = {Effects of bark beetle outbreaks on species composition, biomass, and nutrient distribution in a mixed deciduous forest},

  author       = {Johnson, D W and Henderson, G S and Harris, W F},

  abstractNote = {The increment of forest biomass and nutrient content on Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee, from 1967 to 1983 was interrupted by two bark beetle outbreaks. An outbreak of the southern pine beetle in the early 1970s and an outbreak of the hickory borer in the late 1970s, early 1980s killed a number of shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata) and hickory (Carya spp.) respectively. Yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) growth increased over this 16-year period, especially in response to the mortality of shortleaf pine. The net result of these events was little change in total biomass but a substantial shift in species composition (from pine to yellow-poplar) in the Pine forest type over this period. No species has yet responded to the mortality of hickory. Due to the shift in species composition in the Pine type, calcium and magnesium accumulation rates in biomass increased but foliage biomass decreased over the inventory period. There was little change in foliage biomass or nutrient content in other forest types. The beetle attacks, combined with apparently natural self-thinning, caused a large increase in standing dead biomass and in nutrient return via tree fall. This increased rate of return will substantially alter forest floor nutrient content and availability, especially with regard to calcium and nitrogen.},

  doi          = {},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/7190880},
  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1987},

  month        = {Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1987}

}

Copy to clipboard

Conference:

Other availability

Please see Document Availability for additional information on obtaining the full-text document. Library patrons may search WorldCat to identify libraries that hold this conference proceeding.

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Similar records in OSTI.GOV collections:

Changes in aboveground biomass and nutrient content on Walker Branch Watershed from 1967 to 1983

Conference Johnson, D; Henderson, G; Harris, W

The increment of forest biomass and nutrient content on Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee, from 1967 to 1983 was interrupted by two insect outbreaks. An outbreak of the southern pine beetle in the early 1970s and an outbreak of the hickory borer in the late 1970s to early 1980s killed a number of shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata) and hickory (Carya spp.), respectively. Yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) growth increased over this 16-year period, especially in response to the mortality of shortleaf pine. The net result of these events was little change in total biomass but a substantial shift in species composition (from pinemore »« less
Twenty-year changes in biomass and nutrient distribution in forests of Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee

Conference Johnson, D; Olson, R; Mann, L; ...

Changes in biomass and nutrient distribution in forests of Walker Branch Watershed from 1967 to 1987 are reviewed. There have been major changes in species composition in certain forest types: yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) has largely been replaced by shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata) in what was formerly the pine forest type, and chestnut oak (Quercus prinus) appears to be replacing hickory in the oak-hickory forest type. In both cases, insect attacks (bark beetles and borers) precipitated the changes by inducing heavy mortality in native pines and hickory species in the 1970s. Subsoil (Bt horizon) exchangeable Ca/sup 2 +/ and Mg/sup 2more »« less
Net production relations of three tree species at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. [Liriodendron tulipifera; Quercus alba; Pinus echinata]

Journal Article Whittaker, R; Cohen, N; Olson, J

Measurement of productivity of forests is a difficult problem which has been variously approached. Results from an exploratory application of one approach (Whittaker 1961) to trees of three species - Liriodendron tulipifera (tulip tree or yellow poplar), Quercus alba (white oak), and Pinus echinata (shortleaf pine) - are reported here. The trees were felled in a logging operation at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in a mature second-growth, mixed oak-pine forest including also Quercus velutina, Q. coccinea, Q. falcata, Pinus virginiana, Acer rubrum, Nyssa sylvatica, Oxydendrum arboreum, and Carya ovalis. The forest grew on slopes of low hills on Knox dolomitemore »« less
Long-term successional forest dynamics: species and community responses to climatic variability

Journal Article Kardol, Paul; Todd, Jr, Donald; Hanson, Paul; ... - Journal of Vegetation Science

Question: Are tree dynamics sensitive to climatic variability, and do tree species differ in their responses to climatic variability? Hence, is vulnerability of forest communities to climatic variability depending on stand composition? Location: Mixed young forest at Walker Branch Watershed near Oak Ridge, East-Tennessee, USA. Methods: Using a long-term data set (1967-2006), we analyzed temporal forest dynamics at the tree and species level, and we analyzed community dynamics for forest stands that different in their initial species composition (i.e., Chestnut Oak, Oak-Hickory, Pine, and Yellow poplar stands). Using summer drought and growing season temperature as defined climate drivers, we evaluatedmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01171.x
Seasonal Nutrient Dynamics of Foliage and Litterfall on Walker Branch Watershed, a Deciduous Forest Ecosystem

Technical Report

A detailed twelve-month study of litterfall, live foliage biomass, and seasonal nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sodium, and magnesium) dynamics in tree components was performed for forest types on Walker Branch Watershed, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Biomass and nutrient content of foliage, reproductive parts and branches were examined for ten dominant trees in order to assess the relative importance of litterfall in returning nutrients to the forest floor in four different forest types. Litterfall, measured in pine, pine-oak-hickory, oak-hickory, and mesophytic hardwood forests, was separated into three components (leaves, reproductive parts, and branches). Seasonal comparisons of those forest types were mademore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/814435

Full Text Available

Similar Records