Sublethal effects of phenanthrene, nicotine, and pinane on Daphnia pulex

Journal Article · Mon May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1989 · Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01700403· OSTI ID:7167223

Savino, J F; Tanabe, L L ^[1]

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1. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ann Arbor, MI (USA)

Nearly 500 compounds were detected in the tissues of Great Lakes fish as compared to 8 in tissues of hatchery-reared fish. Lethal concentrations for many representative compounds were determined by testing their acute toxicity (48-hr EC50) to Daphnia pulex. However, the population growth and survival of aquatic organisms over longer time intervals are usually affected at concentrations much lower than the EC50 for a specific chemical. To develop a general relationship between acute and chronic concentrations for representative compounds detected in Great Lakes fish, the authors initiated full-life-cycle testing on D. pulex with phenanthrene, nicotine, and pinane. Growth and fecundity of daphnids was measured in 16-d tests in the laboratory. Phenanthrene and nicotine were highly toxic and pinane was moderately toxic to D. pulex in acute studies. For phenanthrene, a compound of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that has been associated with incomplete combustion of organic matter. For nicotine, a compound in the heterocyclic nitrogen class of chemicals that has been used as an insecticide, the EC50 was 0.24 mg/L. Cyclic alkanes, many of which are constituents of crude oil were represented by pinane for which the EC50 was 3.35 mg/L.

• OSTI ID: 7167223
• Journal Information: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; (USA), Vol. 42:5; ISSN 0007-4861
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
DAPHNIA
POPULATION DYNAMICS
HEPTANE
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
NICOTINE
PHENANTHRENE
CHLORINATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
EXPOSURE CHAMBERS
LETHAL DOSES
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
ALKALOIDS
ALKANES
AMINES
ANIMALS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
AROMATICS
ARTHROPODS
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
AZINES
AZOLES
BRANCHIOPODS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CONDENSED AROMATICS
CRUSTACEANS
DOSES
DRUGS
HALOGENATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROCARBONS
INVERTEBRATES
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PARASYMPATHOLYTICS
PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
PYRIDINES
PYRROLES
PYRROLIDINES
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology