skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Chemical behavior of indigenous impurities (Al, Fe, Si, Mg, F, K, Na, NH[sub 3], Ca, and SO[sub 4]) during the production of filter-grade wet-process phosphoric acid

Abstract

The conventional (dihydrate process) extraction of phosphate rocks with sulfuric acid and subsequent filtration results in a dilute ''filter-grade'' wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA) containing many cationic and anionic impurities which can cause problems during fertilizer production. Most of these problems result because many of the impurities are present in amounts above saturation. This factorial study was designed to define the nature and amounts of components precipitating from simulated filter-grade (28% P[sub 2]O[sub 5]) phosphoric acid at 85, 68, and 25 C, with 2-day retention times. Results show that the precipitation of the iron ammonium and iron potassium phosphates generally provide the largest source of solids in filter-grade phosphoric acid; Mg and Ca fluoroaluminates and alkali fluorosilicates also provide a significant proportion of solids. The distribution of solids between these 3 groups is governed by the F/Si ratio in the acid. The study also delineates the deleterious effect of ammonia contamination (such as from ammonia leakage to gypsum ponds).

Authors:
; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
National Fertilizer and Environmental Research Center, Muscle Shoals, AL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
TVA; Tennessee Valley Authority, Knoxville, TN (United States)
OSTI Identifier:
7136008
Report Number(s):
TVA/NFERC-91/7; TVA-Bull-Y-220
ON: DE93003873
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; FERTILIZERS; CHEMICAL PREPARATION; PHOSPHATE ROCKS; EXTRACTION; PHOSPHORIC ACID; PRODUCTION; AMMONIA; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CHEMISTRY; IMPURITIES; PRECIPITATION; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SALTS; SOLUTIONS; TEMPERATURE RANGE 0273-0400 K; DISPERSIONS; HYDRIDES; HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS; INORGANIC ACIDS; MATHEMATICS; MIXTURES; NITROGEN COMPOUNDS; NITROGEN HYDRIDES; ROCKS; SEDIMENTARY ROCKS; SEPARATION PROCESSES; STATISTICS; SYNTHESIS; TEMPERATURE RANGE; 553000* - Agriculture & Food Technology; 400201 - Chemical & Physicochemical Properties

Citation Formats

Sullivan, J M, Frazier, A W, Griffin, C L, Grinstead, Jr, J H, Kim, Y K, and Kohler, J J. Chemical behavior of indigenous impurities (Al, Fe, Si, Mg, F, K, Na, NH[sub 3], Ca, and SO[sub 4]) during the production of filter-grade wet-process phosphoric acid. United States: N. p., 1992. Web.
Sullivan, J M, Frazier, A W, Griffin, C L, Grinstead, Jr, J H, Kim, Y K, & Kohler, J J. Chemical behavior of indigenous impurities (Al, Fe, Si, Mg, F, K, Na, NH[sub 3], Ca, and SO[sub 4]) during the production of filter-grade wet-process phosphoric acid. United States.
Sullivan, J M, Frazier, A W, Griffin, C L, Grinstead, Jr, J H, Kim, Y K, and Kohler, J J. 1992. "Chemical behavior of indigenous impurities (Al, Fe, Si, Mg, F, K, Na, NH[sub 3], Ca, and SO[sub 4]) during the production of filter-grade wet-process phosphoric acid". United States.
@article{osti_7136008,
title = {Chemical behavior of indigenous impurities (Al, Fe, Si, Mg, F, K, Na, NH[sub 3], Ca, and SO[sub 4]) during the production of filter-grade wet-process phosphoric acid},
author = {Sullivan, J M and Frazier, A W and Griffin, C L and Grinstead, Jr, J H and Kim, Y K and Kohler, J J},
abstractNote = {The conventional (dihydrate process) extraction of phosphate rocks with sulfuric acid and subsequent filtration results in a dilute ''filter-grade'' wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA) containing many cationic and anionic impurities which can cause problems during fertilizer production. Most of these problems result because many of the impurities are present in amounts above saturation. This factorial study was designed to define the nature and amounts of components precipitating from simulated filter-grade (28% P[sub 2]O[sub 5]) phosphoric acid at 85, 68, and 25 C, with 2-day retention times. Results show that the precipitation of the iron ammonium and iron potassium phosphates generally provide the largest source of solids in filter-grade phosphoric acid; Mg and Ca fluoroaluminates and alkali fluorosilicates also provide a significant proportion of solids. The distribution of solids between these 3 groups is governed by the F/Si ratio in the acid. The study also delineates the deleterious effect of ammonia contamination (such as from ammonia leakage to gypsum ponds).},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/7136008}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1992},
month = {Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1992}
}

Technical Report:
Other availability
Please see Document Availability for additional information on obtaining the full-text document. Library patrons may search WorldCat to identify libraries that may hold this item. Keep in mind that many technical reports are not cataloged in WorldCat.

Save / Share: