Clean soil at Eniwetok and Johnston Atolls
Abstract
The Defense Nuclear Agency has managed two large-scale soil cleanups (landmass decontaminations) of plutonium contamination. Both are at Pacific Ocean atolls formerly used for nuclear weapons tests. The Eniwetok Atoll (EA) cleanup between 1977 and 1980 evaluated 390 ha of contaminated land and cleaned 50 ha by removing 80,000 m[sup 3] of contaminated soil. The Johnston Atoll (JA) cleanup is in process. It has checked 270 ha, will clean 15 ha, and plans for removal of 80,000 m[sup 3] of soil. The cleanups are similar in other respects including carbonate-based soil, in situ radiation surveys, contamination characteristics, soil excavation methods, safety, and weather. The two cleanups are in contrast relative to planning time, agencies involved, funding, documentation, environmental considerations, cleanup workforce, site beneficiaries, waste characterization, regulatory permits, management, and project duration. The most noteworthy differences are the rationale for cleanup, the cleanup process, the definition of clean, and the cost.
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- OSTI Identifier:
- 7098176
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-901101-
Journal ID: ISSN 0003-018X; CODEN: TANSAO
- Resource Type:
- Conference
- Journal Name:
- Transactions of the American Nuclear Society; (United States)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 62; Conference: American Nuclear Society (ANS) winter meeting, Washington, DC (United States), 11-16 Nov 1990; Journal ID: ISSN 0003-018X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS; ENIWETOK; REMEDIAL ACTION; SOILS; DECONTAMINATION; ACTIVITY LEVELS; DOCUMENTATION; EXCAVATION; FINANCING; IN-SITU PROCESSING; METEOROLOGY; NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS; NUCLEAR FACILITIES; NUCLEAR WEAPONS; PACIFIC OCEAN; PLANNING; PLUTONIUM; PROGRAM MANAGEMENT; RADIATION MONITORING; REGULATIONS; SAFETY; SITE CHARACTERIZATION; SURVEILLANCE; TESTING; USA; VOLUME; ACTINIDES; CLEANING; DEVELOPED COUNTRIES; ELEMENTS; EXPLOSIONS; ISLANDS; MANAGEMENT; MARSHALL ISLANDS; METALS; MICRONESIA; MONITORING; NORTH AMERICA; OCEANIA; PROCESSING; SEAS; SURFACE WATERS; TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS; WEAPONS; 054000* - Nuclear Fuels- Health & Safety; 053000 - Nuclear Fuels- Environmental Aspects
Citation Formats
Bramlitt, E T. Clean soil at Eniwetok and Johnston Atolls. United States: N. p., 1990.
Web.
Bramlitt, E T. Clean soil at Eniwetok and Johnston Atolls. United States.
Bramlitt, E T. 1990.
"Clean soil at Eniwetok and Johnston Atolls". United States.
@article{osti_7098176,
title = {Clean soil at Eniwetok and Johnston Atolls},
author = {Bramlitt, E T},
abstractNote = {The Defense Nuclear Agency has managed two large-scale soil cleanups (landmass decontaminations) of plutonium contamination. Both are at Pacific Ocean atolls formerly used for nuclear weapons tests. The Eniwetok Atoll (EA) cleanup between 1977 and 1980 evaluated 390 ha of contaminated land and cleaned 50 ha by removing 80,000 m[sup 3] of contaminated soil. The Johnston Atoll (JA) cleanup is in process. It has checked 270 ha, will clean 15 ha, and plans for removal of 80,000 m[sup 3] of soil. The cleanups are similar in other respects including carbonate-based soil, in situ radiation surveys, contamination characteristics, soil excavation methods, safety, and weather. The two cleanups are in contrast relative to planning time, agencies involved, funding, documentation, environmental considerations, cleanup workforce, site beneficiaries, waste characterization, regulatory permits, management, and project duration. The most noteworthy differences are the rationale for cleanup, the cleanup process, the definition of clean, and the cost.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/7098176},
journal = {Transactions of the American Nuclear Society; (United States)},
issn = {0003-018X},
number = ,
volume = 62,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1990},
month = {Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1990}
}