The chemical state of fission products in oxide fuels at different stages of the nuclear fuel cycle
A survey of work at the Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe is presented on the chemical state of selected fission products that are relevant in the fuel cycle of light water reactor (LWR) and fast breeder reactor fuels. The influence of fuel type and irradiation progress on the composition of the Mo-Tc-Ru-Rh-Pd fission product alloys precipitated in the oxide matrix is examined using the respective multicomponent phase diagrams. The kinetics of dissolution of these phases in nitric acid at the reprocessing stage is discussed. Composition and structure of the residues, and the reprecipitation phenomena from highly active waste (HAW), are elucidated. A second metamorphosis of the fission products is recognized during the vitrification process. The formation of Ru(Rh) oxide and Pd(Rh, U, Te) alloys in simulated vitrified HAW concentrate and in HAW concentrate from the reprocessing of irradiated LWR fuels in interpreted on the basis of heterogeneous equilibria.
- Research Organization:
- Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Institut fur Material- und Kestkorperforschung, Postfach 3640, 7500 Karlsruhe 1 (DE)
- OSTI ID:
- 7016873
- Journal Information:
- Nucl. Technol.; (United States), Vol. 80:3
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
ALLOYS
PHYSICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
PRECIPITATION
HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTES
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
RADIOACTIVE WASTE PROCESSING
MIXED OXIDE FUELS
VITRIFICATION
NUCLEAR FUELS
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
IRRADIATION
MATERIALS TESTING
MATRICES
MOLYBDENUM
NITRIC ACID
PALLADIUM
PHASE DIAGRAMS
RHODIUM
RUBIDIUM
TECHNETIUM
ALKALI METALS
DIAGRAMS
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FUELS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INORGANIC ACIDS
KINETICS
MANAGEMENT
MATERIALS
METALS
PLATINUM METALS
PROCESSING
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS
RADIOACTIVE WASTES
REACTION KINETICS
REACTOR MATERIALS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLID FUELS
TESTING
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WASTES
050700* - Nuclear Fuels- Fuels Production & Properties
050800 - Nuclear Fuels- Spent Fuels Reprocessing
052001 - Nuclear Fuels- Waste Processing
360106 - Metals & Alloys- Radiation Effects
400700 - Radiochemistry & Nuclear Chemistry