Influence of preexisting pulmonary emphysema on susceptibility of rats to inhaled diesel exhaust

Journal Article · Tue May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1990 · American Review of Respiratory Disease (New York); (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/141.5_Pt_1.1333· OSTI ID:7011382

Mauderly, J L; Bice, D E; Cheng, Y S; Gillett, N A; Griffith, W C; Henderson, R F; Pickrell, J A; Wolff, R K ^[1]

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1. Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM (USA)

The susceptibilities of normal rats and rats with preexisting pulmonary emphysema to chronically inhaled diesel exhaust were compared. Rats were exposed 7 h/day, 5 days/wk for 24 months to diesel exhaust at 3.5 mg soot/m3, or to clean air as controls. Emphysema was induced in one-half of the rats by intratracheal instillation of elastase 6 wk before exhaust exposure. Measurements included lung burdens of diesel soot, respiratory function, bronchoalveolar lavage, clearance of radiolabeled particles, pulmonary immune responses, lung collagen, excised lung weight and volume, histopathology, and mean linear intercept of terminal air spaces. Parameters indicated by analysis of variance to exhibit significant interactions between the influences of emphysema and exhaust were examined to determine if the effects were more than additive (indicating increased susceptibility). Although 14 of 63 parameters demonstrated emphysema-exhaust interactions, none indicated increased susceptibility. Less soot accumulated in lungs of emphysematous rats than in those of nonemphysematous rats, and the reduced accumulation had a sparing effect in the emphysematous rats. The results did not support the hypothesis that emphysematous lungs are more susceptible than are normal lungs to chronic exposure to high levels of diesel exhaust. The superimposition of effects of emphysema and exhaust, however, might still warrant special concern for heavy exposures of emphysematous subjects.

• OSTI ID: 7011382
• Journal Information: American Review of Respiratory Disease (New York); (USA), Vol. 141; ISSN 0003-0805
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
DIESEL ENGINES
EXHAUST GASES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
LUNGS
SENSITIVITY
ANTIBODY FORMATION
CHRONIC EXPOSURE
COLLAGEN
EMPHYSEMA
IMMUNE REACTIONS
INHALATION
LAVAGE
LUNG CLEARANCE
METABOLISM
RADIOISOTOPES
RATS
RESPIRATION
TRACER TECHNIQUES
ANIMALS
BODY
CLEARANCE
DISEASES
ENGINES
EXCRETION
FLUIDS
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
HEAT ENGINES
INTAKE
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
MAMMALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PROTEINS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASES
RODENTS
SCLEROPROTEINS
VERTEBRATES
WASTES
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
550901 - Pathology- Tracer Techniques