Species profiles: Life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Southwest)

Technical Report · Fri Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 1989

OSTI ID:6872412

Siegfried, C A ^[1]

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1. New York State Museum and Science Service, Albany, NY (USA)

Species profiles are literature summaries of the taxonomy, morphology, range, life history, and environmental requirements of coastal aquatic species. They are prepared to assist in environmental impact assessments. Crangonid shrimp once were important in an export fishery but are now the basis of a bait fishery in San Francisco Bay. The shrimp are important components of the estuarine system, serving as an important food of almost all sport and commercial fishes of west coast estuaries. Spawning occurs in waters of >15 ppT salinity. Ovigerous females are found year-round; abundance peaks in spring and summer in embayments and in winter offshore. Eggs hatch directly into planktonic zoea which require 30--40 days to develop into postlarvae. Larvae prefer surface waters, while postlarvae prefer bottom waters. Larvae are exposed to predominantly seaward currents and postlarvae to landward moving bottom currents. Juvenile crangonids are generally found in brackish to nearly fresh water but move to more saline waters as they mature. Crangonids are opportunistic predators of epibenthic and benthic forms. Annual abundance of crangonids in San Francisco Bay has been linked to the volume of freshwater flow to the estuary. Maintaining adequate freshwater flows to the estuary to ensure successful recruitment is vital to maintaining populations of this important component of the estuarine system. 56 refs., 4 figs.

• Research Organization: Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS (USA). Coastal Ecology Group; Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, DC (USA); New York State Museum and Science Service, Albany, NY (USA)
• Sponsoring Organization: DOI
• OSTI ID: 6872412
• Report Number(s): BR-82(11.125); TR-EL-82-4/82(11.125); ON: TI90013853
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
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SPECIES DIVERSITY
ANIMAL GROWTH
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
BASELINE ECOLOGY
COASTAL WATERS
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SALINITY
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BIOLOGY
CRUSTACEANS
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ECOSYSTEMS
GROWTH
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INVERTEBRATES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
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