Radiation-induced emesis in the dog: effects of lesions and drugs

Journal Article · Mon Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 1986 · Radiat. Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2307/3576918· OSTI ID:6840914

Carpenter, D O; Briggs, D B; Knox, A P; Strominger, N L

Dogs exposed to 8 Gy /sup 60/Co gamma mid-abdominal irradiation exhibited emesis with an average latency of 102 min and an average of 7.4 episodes over 96 min. There were no significant changes in dogs subjected to a chronic bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, but emesis was prevented by ablation of the area postrema. Indomethacin pretreatment also prevented radiation-induced emesis in two of seven dogs and in the remainder reduced the average number of episodes. Domperidone pretreatment prevented radiation-induced emesis in all of four dogs tested. In electrophysiological studies recording from the area postrema the chemosensitive neurons were found to be normally silent in anesthetized preparations but excitable by a variety of emetic agents. After irradiation of the abdomen spontaneously active neurons were found with a discharge pattern that mirrored the behavioral pattern of postirradiation emesis. These studies are consistent with radiation-induced emesis being humorally mediated in the dog and implicate dopamine and/or prostaglandins as possible mediators.

• Research Organization: Albany Medical College, NY
• OSTI ID: 6840914
• Journal Information: Radiat. Res.; (United States), Vol. 3
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ABDOMEN
IRRADIATION
DOPAMINE
RADIOSENSITIVITY EFFECTS
PROSTAGLANDINS
VOMITING
RADIOINDUCTION
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
COBALT 60
DOGS
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
GAMMA RADIATION
NERVES
AMINES
ANIMALS
AROMATICS
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BODY
BODY AREAS
CARDIOTONICS
CARDIOVASCULAR AGENTS
COBALT ISOTOPES
DRUGS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES
IONIZING RADIATIONS
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
MAMMALS
MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
NERVOUS SYSTEM
NEUROREGULATORS
NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PHENOLS
PHYSIOLOGY
POLYPHENOLS
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
RADIOISOTOPES
SYMPATHOMIMETICS
SYMPTOMS
VERTEBRATES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
560152* - Radiation Effects on Animals- Animals