Hawaii Ethanol from Molasses Project, Phase I. Final report
The purpose of this study was (1) to determine the best available commercial processes in the manufacture of anhydrous ethanol from molasses, (2) to determine those processes in the research and development stage that have the potential of becoming commercial, and (3) from these determinations to recommend the conceptual design of a plant which incorporates the best processes. The following ethanol production processes have been firmly selected as being the best available: (1) co-generation of steam and electricity, (2) molasses acidity adjustment, dilution, sterilization, centrifugation, and nutrient addition; (3) continuous fermentation; (4) yeast recycling and drum-drying excess yeast; (5) pressure differential distillation; and (6) dehydration with cyclohexane or ether. A number of environmentally acceptable alternative processes for handling stillage were evaluated, and the following recommendations were made: (1) recycling 20% ds stillage should be practiced; (2) producing an animal feed directly from the stillage is the preferred process for handling stillage providing the amount produced and its value are confirmed by pilot-plant production and animal feeding trials; (3) should the above pilot-plant production and animal feeding trials prove negative, stillage incineration with potassium recovery is the preferred option; (4) deep ocean discharge of stillage should be considered only as a temporary option; and (5) producing methane is not a viable option. It was suggested that in Hawaii, with its temperate climate, it may be feasible to use a fuel consisting of gasoline and 96% ethanol instead of anhydrous ethanol (99.6%). The effects on energy requirements and costs of producing 96% ethanol were determined and compared to those effects from the production of anhydrous ethanol. 13 references, 26 figures, 23 tables.
- Research Organization:
- Hawaii Univ., Manoa (USA). Hawaii Natural Energy Inst.
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC03-79ET23141
- OSTI ID:
- 6838782
- Report Number(s):
- HNEI-80-03; ON: DE84014845
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Portions are illegible in microfiche products
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
ETHANOL
PRODUCTION
ETHANOL PLANTS
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
HAWAII
MOLASSES
FERMENTATION
STILLAGE
WASTE DISPOSAL
WASTE PRODUCT UTILIZATION
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
ANIMAL FEEDS
CELL RECYCLE
COGENERATION
COST
DISTILLATION
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
NET ENERGY
YEASTS
ALCOHOLS
BIOCONVERSION
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DEUS
DIGESTION
ECONOMICS
ENERGY
ENERGY ANALYSIS
ENERGY SYSTEMS
FEDERAL REGION IX
FOOD
FUNGI
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
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MICROORGANISMS
NORTH AMERICA
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC WASTES
PLANTS
POWER GENERATION
PROCESSING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
STEAM GENERATION
USA
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WASTES
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