Multilayered vesicles prepared by reverse-phase evaporation: liposome structure and optimum solute entrapment
Liposome structure and solute entrapment in multilayered vesicles (MLVs) prepared by reverse-phase evaporation (REV) were studied. MLV-REV vesicles prepared from ether/water emulsions have high entrapment. Entrapment depends on drug, drug concentration, lipid, lipid concentration, and the container used to prepare the vesicles. By use of 300 /sup +/L of aqueous phase and 100 mg of phosphatidylcholine (PC), vesicles prepared in a test tube 25 mm x 175 mm have higher entrapment than vesicles prepared in a 100-mL round-bottom or pear-shaped flask. By use of a test tube, 100 mg of PC, and 300 ..mu..L of aqueous phase containing sucrose (1-50 mg/mL), >90% sucrose entrapment was obtained. Increasing lipid content to 150 mg of PC decreased entrapment to approx.80%. Neutral PC MLV-REV vesicles have optimum entrapment. Mixing negatively charged lipids or cholesterol (CH) with PC to make MLV-REV vesicles results in decreased entrapment compared to using only PC. Preparing vesicles with the solid lipid dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) or DPPC/CH mixtures results in 30-40% entrapment when diethyl ether is used to make the MLV-REV emulsion. The high entrapment found for MLV vesicles prepared from water/organic solvent emulsions depends on maintaining a core during the process of liposome formation. A method to calculate the fraction of water residing in the liposomes' core is presented and used to compare multilayered vesicles prepared by different processes. X-ray diffraction data demonstrate that a heterogeneous distribution of lipid may exist in multilayered vesicles prepared by the REV process.
- Research Organization:
- Lilly Research Lab., Indianapolis, IN
- OSTI ID:
- 6789475
- Journal Information:
- Biochemistry; (United States), Vol. 26:1
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
CHOLESTEROL
EVAPORATION
LIPIDS
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
SOLUTES
CELL CONSTITUENTS
COHERENT SCATTERING
DIFFRACTION
DISPERSIONS
ESTERS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
MIXTURES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS
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550602* - Medicine- External Radiation in Diagnostics- (1980-)