Encapsulation in concrete of hazardous sludges for landfill
The Federal Environmental Protection Agency has promulgated hazardous waste guidelines which assign cradle to grave responsibilities to any industry generating a hazardous waste. Responsibility begins with identification of hazardous wastes. Initial compliance effort at GAT included a characterization of eleven possible plantsite sludges using the EPA-approved Extraction Procedure (EP) Toxicity Test. The X-616 chromate removal sludge was found to exceed the leachable chromium limit. The X-700 degreaser sludge, originating from a listed non-specific source, was also classified as hazardous. The degreaser sludge results from degreaser operations using a chlorinated organic solvent, trichloroethylene. Parameters were established for concrete encapsulation of the two sludges. EP leach tests showed that the X-616 sludge fixation in concrete was successful in reducing chromium below the defined hazard limit in the extract. Extracts from leach tests of the X-700 degreaser sludge contained trichloroethylene, indicating failure of the concrete encapsulation to retain this solvent. However, neither sludge encapsulation method is believed to provide a viable treatment for sludge disposal. The increased storage volume which would be required for encapsulated X-616 sludge indicates that some form of chromium recovery and recycle should be considered. The X-700 degreaser sludge is generated in low annual volumes (/approximately/300 gal). It would be more feasible to store degreaser sludge in steel drums for future incineration disposal, than to employ concrete encapsulation. 3 refs., 4 figs., 5 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Goodyear Atomic Corp., Piketon, OH (USA). Process Technology Dept.
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-76OR00001
- OSTI ID:
- 6718225
- Report Number(s):
- GAT-T-3158; ON: DE89002408
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Portions of this document are illegible in microfiche products
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS
SLUDGES
WASTE DISPOSAL
SOLIDIFICATION
EVALUATION
WASTE FORMS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CEMENTS
COMPLIANCE
ENCAPSULATION
FILTRATION
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
PH VALUE
RESOURCE RECOVERY ACTS
SAMPLING
TESTING
US EPA
BUILDING MATERIALS
LAWS
MANAGEMENT
MATERIALS
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
US ORGANIZATIONS
WASTE MANAGEMENT
052001* - Nuclear Fuels- Waste Processing
053000 - Nuclear Fuels- Environmental Aspects