Elastic properties of metals and minerals under shock compression
Comparison of laboratory elasticity data with seismic measurements of the Earth provides a means to understand the deep interior. In this work, elastic wave velocities have been measured under shock compression to 80 GPa in an Fe-Cr-Ni alloy, to 27 GPa in polycrystalline MgO, and to 81 GPa in molybdenum preheated to 1400[degrees]C. These measurements were made by recording particle velocity histories at a sample surface using the method of velocity interferometry. Compressional and bulk wave velocities in Fe-Cr-Ni alloy are consistent with third-order finite strain theory and ultrasonic data. The measured wave profiles can be successfully reproduced by numerical simulations utilizing elastic-plastic theory modified by a Bauschinger effect and stress relaxation. Material strength was found to increase by a factor of at least 5 up to 80 GPa and to be 2-3% of the total stress. Compressional and bulk velocities in Fe-Cr-Ni define linear velocity-density trends and can be modeled by averaging properties of Fe, Cr, and Ni. The effect of alloying [approximately]4 wt.% Ni with Fe would change both V[sub P] and V[sub B] by less than 1% under Earth's core conditions. Compressional and shear velocities in Fe-Ni are compatible with inner core values when corrected for thermal effects. Wave profile and EOS measurements in polycrystalline MgO define its EOS: U[sub S] = 6.77(0.08) + 1.27(0.04)[mu][sub p]. Compressional sound velocities to 27 GPa yield a longitudinal modulus and its pressure derivative which are in good agreement with ultrasonic determinations. The unloading wave profiles can be modeled using a modified elastic-plastic constitutive response originally developed for metals. Thermal expansivities in MgO have been determined to be 12 [+-] 14 [times] 10[sup [minus]6] K[sup [minus]1] at P = 174-200 GPa and T = 3100-3600 K from shock temperature and EOS data. These results imply that the Earth's lower mantle is enriched in Si and/or Fe relative to the upper mantle.
- Research Organization:
- California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 6658012
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Thesis (Ph.D.)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Sound velocities of iron-nickel (Fe90Ni10) alloy up to 8 GPa and 773 K: The effect of nickel on the elastic properties of bcc-iron at high P-T
Sound velocities of iron-nickel (Fe90Ni10) alloy up to 8 GPa and 773 K: The effect of nickel on the elastic properties of bcc-iron at high P-T
Related Subjects
58 GEOSCIENCES
METALS
COMPRESSION
ELASTICITY
MINERALS
CHROMIUM ALLOYS
EARTH PLANET
IRON ALLOYS
MAGNESIUM OXIDES
NICKEL ALLOYS
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
ALLOYS
CHALCOGENIDES
ELEMENTS
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PLANETS
TENSILE PROPERTIES
360103* - Metals & Alloys- Mechanical Properties
360203 - Ceramics
Cermets
& Refractories- Mechanical Properties
580000 - Geosciences