Effects of depletion of ascorbic acid or nonprotein sulfhydryls on the acute inhalation toxicity of nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and phosgene
The effect of depleting lung ascorbic acid (AH{sub 2}) and nonprotein sulfhydryls (NPSH) on the acute inhalation toxicity of nitrogen dioxide (NO{sub 2}), ozone (O{sub 3}), and phosgene (COCl{sub 2}) was investigated in guinea pigs. The increase in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid protein (an indicator of alveolar-capillary damage leading to increased permeability) was measured 16 to 18 hr following a 4 hr exposure to the gas in animals deficient in (AH{sub 2}) or NPSH. Gas concentrations were chosen which produced low but significant increases in BAL protein. Lung (AH{sub 2}) was lowered to about 20% of control by feeding rabbit chow for 2 weeks. Lung NPSH was lowered to about 50% of control by injecting a mixture of buthionine S,R-sulfoximine (BSO) and diethylmaleate (DEM) (2.7 and 1.2 mmol/kg respectively). BSO/DEM did not affect the lung concentrations of (AH{sub 2}) or alpha-tocopherol. AH{sub 2} depletion caused a 6 fold and a 3 fold enhancement in the toxicity of 5 ppm and 10 ppm (NO{sub 2}), and a 6 fold enhancement in the toxicity of 0.5 ppm (O{sub 3}), but did not affect toxicity of 1.0 ppm (O{sub 3}). AH{sub 2} depletion did not affect phosgene toxicity (at 0.25 ppm and 0.5 ppm).
- Research Organization:
- Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC (USA). Health Effects Research Lab.
- OSTI ID:
- 6638678
- Report Number(s):
- PB-90-245945/XAB; EPA-600/J-89/400
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Pub. in Inhalation Toxicology, Vol. 1, No. 3, 261-271(Jul 1989)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
ASCORBIC ACID
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
TOXICITY
OZONE
PHOSGENE
THIOLS
EDEMA
GUINEA PIGS
LAVAGE
LUNGS
PERMEABILITY
PROTEINS
RESPIRATION
ANIMALS
BODY
CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES
CHALCOGENIDES
MAMMALS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SYMPTOMS
VERTEBRATES
VITAMINS
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology