Population-level effects of multiple stresses on fish and shellfish. Environmental Sciences Division Publication No. 1967
Because the cumulative effects of many stresses may cause the collapse of a population even when the effects of each stress alone may appear insignificant, it is important to (1) document the effects of multiple stresses on fish and shellfish population, (2) provide an overview of experimental data concerning the effects of multiple stresses on fish and shellfish, and (3) evaluate existing methods of quantifying responses to multiple stresses. Stress refers to the environmental forces acting on an individual or population through changes in rates of survival, growth, or reproduction. The classification of stresses, population responses, and the terminology for interactions among stresses are discussed. A brief review of case histories for natural populations indicated that catastrophic changes in community structure and function can be induced by multiple stresses. In particular, fishing pressure can be a powerful agent reducing the capacity of populations to respond to stress. An overview of experimental studies that evaluated acute and chronic effects of two or more stresses on fish and fish populations highlights the need for studies that examine sublethal responses (i.e., growth and reproduction) to chronic exposures. Some of the theoretical approaches to multiple stresses on fish and fish populations are surveyed, including discussions of quantal responses, response surface analysis, dose-response theory for multiple toxic factors, and certain ecological theories that may aid in an understanding of the effect of multiple stresses on fish populations. Studies are needed that provide greater insight into the physiological mechanisms affected by the toxicant and reflected by the population responses of survival, growth, and reproduction.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-26
- OSTI ID:
- 6608563
- Report Number(s):
- ORNL/TM-8317; ON: DE83004235
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Review and analysis of existing modeling approaches for assessing population-level effects of multiple stresses on fish and shellfish. Environmental Sciences Division Publication No. 1979
Evaluating effects of environmental stress on fish communities using multiresponse indicators
Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
BIOLOGICAL STRESS
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
FISHES
POPULATIONS
MOLLUSCS
WATER POLLUTION
CHRONIC EXPOSURE
DATA COMPILATION
FISHING INDUSTRY
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
METALS
SALINITY
SYNERGISM
THERMAL EFFLUENTS
TOXIC MATERIALS
ANIMALS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
DATA
ELEMENTS
INDUSTRY
INFORMATION
INVERTEBRATES
MATERIALS
NUMERICAL DATA
POLLUTION
VERTEBRATES
520200* - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)
560305 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Vertebrates- (-1987)
560304 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Invertebrates- (-1987)