Design, evaluation, and application of continuous-flow cells for organic electrochemical synthesis. Final report
Two examples of the oxidation and reduction of aldehydes as a paired synthesis have been studied. These are model systems for potential energy savings in organic electrochemical synthesis. Both are indirect processes; the reduction via alkali metal amalgam and the oxidation via hypobromite. One, using furfural as the substrate, has proved unsuccessful due to the oxidation of its reduction products with the electrogenerated oxidant, bromine. The other paired synthesis, using glucose, has been operated successfully in two types of parallel plate flow cells and two types of porous, packed bed flow cells. To date, the optimum electrode materials and operating conditions for the glucose paired reaction, as determined by product yields and current efficiencies, are an amalgamated zinc cathode, a graphite anode, an initial glucose concentration of 0.8M, a 0.8M NaBr supporting electrolyte and an electrolyte flow rate of 0.8 1/min. Both constant current (10 mA/cm/sup 2/) and constant cathode potential (-2.10V vs SCE) electrolyses were performed under the above conditions. Electrolyses carried out in the parallel plate flow cell and the packed bed flow cell in which the current and electrolyte flow are parallel to one another gave comparable results. Lower current efficiencies were obtained in the porous, packed bed flow cell with perpendicular current and flow. The reasons for the poorer results in the perpendicular configuration cell are not known at this time and further experimentation is required with this system. The current efficiencies and yields of both the oxidation reaction (the production of gluconic acid) and the reduction reaction (the formation of sorbitol) in the packed bed cells were found to be dependent on solution pH.
- Research Organization:
- California Univ., Los Angeles (USA). School of Engineering and Applied Science
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-80ET25207
- OSTI ID:
- 6576118
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/ET/25207-1; ON: DE83003584
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Portions of document are illegible
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
FURFURAL
ELECTROLYSIS
GLUCONIC ACID
SYNTHESIS
GLUCOSE
SORBITOL
DESIGN
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
ELECTRODES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
OXIDATION
REDUCTION
ALDEHYDES
CARBOHYDRATES
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
DATA
DIURETICS
DRUGS
FURANS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HEXOSES
HYDROXY ACIDS
INFORMATION
LYSIS
MONOSACCHARIDES
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
SACCHARIDES
400500* - Photochemistry