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Title: Isolation of cellulolytic anaerobic extreme thermophiles from New Zealand thermal sites

Abstract

Avicel enrichment cultures from 47 thermal-pool sites in the New Zealand Rotorua-Taupo region were screened for growth and carboxymethyl cellulase activity at 75/sup 0/C. Eight anaerobic cellulolytic cultures were obtained. The effect of temperature on carboxymethyl cellulase activity was measured, and bacteria were isolated from the five best cultures. Bacteria from two sources designated TP8 and TP10 grew at 75/sup 0/C, accumulated reducing sugar in the growth medium and gave free cellulases with avicelase activity. Bacteria from sources designated Tok4, Tok8, and Wai21 grew at 75/sup 0/C, accumulated no free sugars in the medium, and gave free carboxymethyl cellulases with virtually no avicelase activity. All were obligate anaerobic nonsporeforming rods which stained gram pentoses as well as hexoses, and gave ethanol and acetate as major fermentation end products. The isolated strain which produced the most active and stable cellulases had lower rates of free endocellulase accumulation at 75/sup 0/C than did Clostridium thermocellum at 60/sup 0/C, but its cellulase activity against avicel and filter paper in culture supernatants was comparable. Tested at 85/sup 0/C, TP8.T carboxymethyl cellulases included components which were very stable, whereas C. thermocellum carboxymethyl cellulases were all rapidly inactivated. The TP8.T avicelase activity was relatively unaffected bymore » Triton X-100, EDTA, and dithiothreitol. Evidence was obtained for the existence of unisolated, cellulolytic extreme thermophiles producing cellulases which were more stable and active than those from TP8.T.« less

Authors:
; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
OSTI Identifier:
6564198
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.; (United States)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 53:4
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
09 BIOMASS FUELS; 63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.; CELLULASE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; CELLULOSE; FERMENTATION; CLOSTRIDIUM THERMOCELLUM; GROWTH; ETHANOL; YIELDS; ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS; BACTERIA; BIOLOGICAL VARIABILITY; NEW ZEALAND; TEMPERATURE EFFECTS; ALCOHOLS; AUSTRALASIA; BIOCONVERSION; CARBOHYDRATES; CLOSTRIDIUM; ENZYMES; GLYCOSYL HYDROLASES; HYDROLASES; HYDROXY COMPOUNDS; MICROORGANISMS; O-GLYCOSYL HYDROLASES; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; POLYSACCHARIDES; SACCHARIDES; 090222* - Alcohol Fuels- Preparation from Wastes or Biomass- (1976-1989); 560200 - Thermal Effects

Citation Formats

Sissons, C H, Sharrock, K R, Daniel, R M, and Morgan, H W. Isolation of cellulolytic anaerobic extreme thermophiles from New Zealand thermal sites. United States: N. p., 1987. Web.
Sissons, C H, Sharrock, K R, Daniel, R M, & Morgan, H W. Isolation of cellulolytic anaerobic extreme thermophiles from New Zealand thermal sites. United States.
Sissons, C H, Sharrock, K R, Daniel, R M, and Morgan, H W. 1987. "Isolation of cellulolytic anaerobic extreme thermophiles from New Zealand thermal sites". United States.
@article{osti_6564198,
title = {Isolation of cellulolytic anaerobic extreme thermophiles from New Zealand thermal sites},
author = {Sissons, C H and Sharrock, K R and Daniel, R M and Morgan, H W},
abstractNote = {Avicel enrichment cultures from 47 thermal-pool sites in the New Zealand Rotorua-Taupo region were screened for growth and carboxymethyl cellulase activity at 75/sup 0/C. Eight anaerobic cellulolytic cultures were obtained. The effect of temperature on carboxymethyl cellulase activity was measured, and bacteria were isolated from the five best cultures. Bacteria from two sources designated TP8 and TP10 grew at 75/sup 0/C, accumulated reducing sugar in the growth medium and gave free cellulases with avicelase activity. Bacteria from sources designated Tok4, Tok8, and Wai21 grew at 75/sup 0/C, accumulated no free sugars in the medium, and gave free carboxymethyl cellulases with virtually no avicelase activity. All were obligate anaerobic nonsporeforming rods which stained gram pentoses as well as hexoses, and gave ethanol and acetate as major fermentation end products. The isolated strain which produced the most active and stable cellulases had lower rates of free endocellulase accumulation at 75/sup 0/C than did Clostridium thermocellum at 60/sup 0/C, but its cellulase activity against avicel and filter paper in culture supernatants was comparable. Tested at 85/sup 0/C, TP8.T carboxymethyl cellulases included components which were very stable, whereas C. thermocellum carboxymethyl cellulases were all rapidly inactivated. The TP8.T avicelase activity was relatively unaffected by Triton X-100, EDTA, and dithiothreitol. Evidence was obtained for the existence of unisolated, cellulolytic extreme thermophiles producing cellulases which were more stable and active than those from TP8.T.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/6564198}, journal = {Appl. Environ. Microbiol.; (United States)},
number = ,
volume = 53:4,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1987},
month = {Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1987}
}