Emissions characteristics of modern oil heating equipment
Over the last 10 years there have been some very interesting developments in oil heating. These include higher static pressure burners, air atomizing nozzles, low firing rate nozzles, low heat loss combustion chambers and condensing boilers and furnaces. The current data base on the emissions characteristics of oil-fired residential heating equipment is based primarily on data taken in the 1970's. The objective of the work described in this report is to evaluate the effects of recent developments in oil-fired equipment on emissions. Detailed emissions measurements have been made on a number of currently available residential oil burners and whole systems selected to represent recent development trends. Some additional data was taken with equipment which is in the prototype stage. These units are a prevaporizing burner and a retention head burner modified with an air atomizing nozzle. Measurements include No{sub x}, smoke numbers, CO, gas phase hydrocarbon emissions and particulate mass emission rates. Emissions of smoke, CO and hydrocarbons were found to be significantly greater under cyclic operation for all burners tested. Generally, particulate emission rates were found to be 3 to 4 times greater in cyclic operation than in steady state. Air atomized burners were found to be capable of operation at much lower excess air levels than pressure atomized burners without producing significant amounts of smoke. As burner performance is improved, either through air atomization or prevaporization of the fuel, there appears to be a general trend towards producing CO at lower smoke levels as excess air is decreased. The criteria of adjusting burners for trace smoke may need to be abandoned for advanced burners and replaced with an adjustment for specific excess air levels. 17 refs., 15 figs., 6 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOE/CE
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-76CH00016
- OSTI ID:
- 6555220
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-52249; ON: DE90018031
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
02 PETROLEUM
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
BUILDINGS
SPACE HEATING
HEATING SYSTEMS
EMISSION
AIR POLLUTION
AIR QUALITY
BOILERS
CARBON MONOXIDE
COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
FLUE GAS
HYDROCARBONS
NITROUS OXIDE
NOZZLES
OIL BURNERS
OIL FURNACES
PARTICULATES
SMOKES
SOOT
AEROSOLS
BURNERS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
COLLOIDS
DISPERSIONS
ENERGY SYSTEMS
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
FURNACES
GASEOUS WASTES
HEATING
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARTICLES
POLLUTION
RESIDUES
SOLS
WASTES
320106* - Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization- Building Equipment- (1987-)
025000 - Petroleum- Combustion
540120 - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)