Glucose transporter of the human brain and blood-brain barrier

Journal Article · Thu Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 1988 · Ann. Neurol.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.410240610· OSTI ID:6540827

Kalaria, R N; Gravina, S A; Schmidley, J W; Perry, G; Harik, S I

We identified and characterized the glucose transporter in the human cerebral cortex, cerebral microvessels, and choroid plexus by specific D-glucose-displaceable (3H)cytochalasin B binding. The binding was saturable, with a dissociation constant less than 1 microM. Maximal binding capacity was approximately 7 pmol/mg protein in the cerebral cortex, approximately 42 pmol/mg protein in brain microvessels, and approximately 27 pmol/mg protein in the choroid plexus. Several hexoses displaced specific (3H)cytochalasin B binding to microvessels in a rank-order that correlated well with their known ability to cross the blood-brain barrier; the only exception was 2-deoxy-D-glucose, which had much higher affinity for the glucose transporter than the natural substrate, D-glucose. Irreversible photoaffinity labeling of the glucose transporter of microvessels with (3H)cytochalasin B, followed by solubilization and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, labeled a protein band with an average molecular weight of approximately 55,000. Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies specific to the human erythrocyte glucose transporter immunocytochemically stained brain blood vessels and the few trapped erythrocytes in situ, with minimal staining of the neuropil. In the choroid plexus, blood vessels did not stain, but the epithelium reacted positively. We conclude that human brain microvessels are richly endowed with a glucose transport moiety similar in molecular weight and antigenic characteristics to that of human erythrocytes and brain microvessels of other mammalian species.

• Research Organization: Univ. Hospitals of Cleveland, OH (USA)
• OSTI ID: 6540827
• Journal Information: Ann. Neurol.; (United States), Vol. 24:6
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
GLUCOSE
MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
PROTEINS
BIOCHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
BLOOD VESSELS
BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER
BRAIN
ELECTROPHORESIS
EPITHELIUM
ERYTHROCYTES
MAN
METABOLITES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
TRACER TECHNIQUES
TRITIUM COMPOUNDS
ALDEHYDES
ANIMAL TISSUES
ANIMALS
ANTIBODIES
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
CARBOHYDRATES
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
HEXOSES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
KINETICS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
MONOSACCHARIDES
NERVOUS SYSTEM
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PRIMATES
REACTION KINETICS
SACCHARIDES
TISSUES
VERTEBRATES
550201* - Biochemistry- Tracer Techniques