Pulmonary effects of acid sulfate inhalation in the guinea pig
Guinea pigs were exposed by inhalation for 1 to 8 hours to sulfuric acid aerosols of various sizes and concentrations in order to provide quantitative information for standards setting. The effects of sulfuric acid aerosols were examined to determine acute mortality, changes in respiratory function and morphology, response mechanisms, differences in individual sensitivity and changes in airway response to bronchoconstrictors. An aerosol generator for another sulfur-containing pollutant, ammonium bisulfite, was developed for use in animal exposures. Also, lung lesions which simulate human emphysema were produced by intratracheal elastase instillation to investigate a potential impaired animal model for sulfur pollutant exposures. Pulmonary mechanics, lung morphology, and histamine sensitivity data all suggest that the guinea pig reacts to sulfuric acid aerosols with a nearly all-or-none airway constrictive response. Results also indicate that the concentration at which this response occurs is affected by aerosol size, exposure profile and individual animal sensitivity. No acute pulmonary function changes were noted at concentrations below 15 mg/m/sup 3/. The reason for these differences is unknown.
- Research Organization:
- Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Inst., Albuquerque, NM (USA). Inhalation Toxicology Research Inst.
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC04-76EV01013
- OSTI ID:
- 6451904
- Report Number(s):
- LMF-98; ON: DE83007111
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
AEROSOL GENERATORS
DESIGN
SULFURIC ACID
INHALATION
TOXICITY
AEROSOLS
GUINEA PIGS
HEALTH HAZARDS
SULFUR DIOXIDE
ANIMALS
CHALCOGENIDES
COLLOIDS
DISPERSIONS
HAZARDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INORGANIC ACIDS
INTAKE
MAMMALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
RODENTS
SOLS
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SULFUR OXIDES
VERTEBRATES
560305* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Vertebrates- (-1987)
500200 - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)