Produced fluid emulsions. Final report
Emulsion production and stabilization may be due to one or more of several phenomenon including water-oil ratio, oil and brine chemistry, and surfactant and polymer type and concentration. They may influence emulsification either independently or with dependence on one or more of the other factors. Task One has tried to define which factors are dominant and what effect variations in them will have on the emulsion characteristics for each of the fields investigated. Emulsions were produced using a hand homogenizer at a fixed setting for a specific length of time to ensure all samples were produced uniformly. A du Nouy apparatus was used to measure surface and interfacial tensions and a binocular microscope was used in the micro-visual studies. The emulsions were treated in a similar manner with a wide variety of materials to not only break them, but also to help define which mechanisms are responsible for the stabilization of a particular emulsion. Core floods in Task Two utilized a six-foot sand-pack for a mixing medium. A six-inch long Berea core which followed, provided shear similar to that of the reservoir. The choice of oil, brine, surfactant and polymer were chosen to correlate to the Task One studies. Similarities and differences in the results between the bench-top and core flood studies are noted. The conditions of emulsion production and characteristics and the effectiveness of emulsion breakers are compared to help determine the mechanism of emulsion stabilization. 8 figures, 85 tables.
- Research Organization:
- ERCO Petroleum Services, Inc., Houston, TX (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC19-78BC00046
- OSTI ID:
- 6418595
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/BC/00046-25; ON: DE85003173
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Portions are illegible in microfiche products
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
EMULSIONS
DEMULSIFICATION
PRODUCTION
STABILIZATION
BENCH-SCALE EXPERIMENTS
BRINES
DEMULSIFIERS
DRILL CORES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
OIL WELLS
PETROLEUM
POLYMERS
QUANTITY RATIO
SANDSTONES
SURFACE TENSION
SURFACTANTS
WATERFLOODING
ADDITIVES
COLLOIDS
DATA
DISPERSIONS
ENERGY SOURCES
FLUID INJECTION
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
INFORMATION
NUMERICAL DATA
ROCKS
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
SURFACE PROPERTIES
WELLS
020300* - Petroleum- Drilling & Production