Removal of organohalogens and organohalogen precursors in reclaimed wastewater
This study explores several unit operations effective in the removal of halogenated microorganic contaminants and precursors to these substances in raw drinking water sources that are to be disinfected with chlorine. In the past decade, considerable research efforts have been dedicated to the removal of these substances in natural raw water sources. The objective of this research is to evaluate efficiency of several developing technologies for contaminant and precursor removal from reclaimed municipal wastewaters that have been proposed as a potential raw drinking water source. In an attempt to fully evaluate efficacy of treatment processes, this work focused upon removal of surrogate parameters: total organic carbon, total organic halogen, total trihalomethanes, and halogen forming potentials, rather on a specific well defined class of contaminants. Fractionation of secondary effluent, based upon acidity, solubility, and absorbability, of dissolved organic material, using synthetic resins indicated a strong correlation between organohalogen forming potential and organic carbon. In addition to humic substances, the classic trihalomethane precursors, hydrophilic substances that comprised the largest fraction of the dissolved material, were implicated for their tendency to form organic halogens upon chlorination. Evaluation of an existing comprehensive advanced treatment process for reclamation of municipal wastewaters indicated that it provides a high level of treatment with respect to removal of surrogate parameters, but may not be economically efficient. Several unit operations were evaluated, for removal of the selected surrogate parameters, to identify alternative cost-effective methods of treatment: chloramination, sulfite dehalogenation of organics, carbon and activated alumina adsorption, and advanced oxidation processes.
- Research Organization:
- California Univ., Los Angeles, CA (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6339308
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Thesis (Ph.D)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
DRINKING WATER
WATER TREATMENT
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
REMOVAL
ABSORPTION
ACTIVATED CARBON
ADSORBENTS
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
AMINATION
CARBON
CHLORINATION
CHLORINE
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DEHALOGENATION
ECONOMICS
EFFICIENCY
FRACTIONATION
HUMIC ACIDS
MUNICIPAL WASTES
ORGANIC MATTER
OXIDATION
PH VALUE
PURIFICATION
RESINS
SOLUBILITY
SULFITES
WASTE WATER
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
ELEMENTS
HALOGENATION
HALOGENS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
LIQUID WASTES
NONMETALS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC POLYMERS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PETROCHEMICALS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLYMERS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
WASTES
WATER
320604* - Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization- Municipalities & Community Systems- Municipal Waste Management- (1980-)