Characterization of emissions from conversion varnishes
- Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC (United States)
- Acurex Environmental Corporation, Durham, NC (United States); and others
Three commercially available conversion varnish coating {open_quotes}systems{close_quotes} (stain, sealer, and topcoat) were selected for an initial scoping study. Total volatile content of the catalyzed varnishes, as determined by EPA Method 24, ranged from 64 to 73% (w/w). Uncombined (free) formaldehyde concentrations, determined by a sodium sulfite titration method, ranged from 0.15 to 0.58% (w/w) of the resin. Each resin was also analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (EPA Method 311) to identify the volatile components that may be emitted. The primary volatile organic constituents identified in the resin formulations included 2-butanone, n-butanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, toluene, ethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, and the xylenes. Dynamic small chamber (53L stainless steel) tests were performed to identify and quantify emissions following application to coupons of typical kitchen cabinet wood substrates and during curing and aging. One of the objectives is to determine the relationship between the concentration of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and formaldehyde in the resins and emissions from the catalyzed varnish. The results to date show good mass balance for the HAPs and VOCs. Formaldehyde emissions show 6-7 times the emission compared to the free formaldehyde content, indicating that formaldehyde is formed during the curing process. Results of the formulation analyses and emission tests completed to date are described in this paper.
- OSTI ID:
- 617950
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9609223-; TRN: 98:002008-0036
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: Conference on emission inventory: key to planning, permits, compliance and reporting, New Orleans, LA (United States), 4-6 Sep 1996; Other Information: PBD: 1996; Related Information: Is Part Of The emission inventory: Key to planning, permits, compliance, and reporting; PB: 1047 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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