New model of succession of Middle and Late Pennsylvanian fossil communities in north Texas, Mid-Continent, and Appalachians with implications on black shale controversy
Abstract
A new model for the succession of Pennsylvanian fossil communities, preserved in cyclothems, is proposed on the basis of more than 200 fossil localities in the Mid-Continent, Appalachians, and north Texas. Early models for Mid-Continent cyclothems placed the black shales in shallow water, with maximum transgression at the fusulinid-bearing zone in the overlying limestone. The most recent model proposed that the black phosphatic shales, which commonly occur between two subtidal carbonates, are widespread and laterally continuous over great distances and represent maximum transgression. The black phosphatic shales contain: ammonoids; inarticulate brachiopods; radiolarians; conularids; shark material and abundant and diverse conodonts. The black shales grade vertically and laterally into dark gray-black shales which contain many of the same pelagic and epipelagic forms found in the phosphatic black shales. This facies contains the deepest water benthic community. Most of these forms are immature, pyritized, and generally are preserved as molds. The dark gray-black facies grades into a medium gray shale facies which contains a mature molluscan fauna. The medium gray shale grades into a lighter gray facies, which is dominated by brachiopods, crinoids, and corals, with occasional bivalves and gastropods. (These facies are interpreted as being a moderate to shallow depth shelfmore »
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- MAPCO Production Co., Tulsa, OK
- OSTI Identifier:
- 6156010
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-8304200-
Journal ID: CODEN: AAPGB
- Resource Type:
- Conference
- Journal Name:
- Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol., Bull.; (United States)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 67:3; Conference: Annual AAPG/SEPM/EMD/DPA convention, Dallas, TX, USA, 17 Apr 1983
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 04 OIL SHALES AND TAR SANDS; BLACK SHALES; GEOLOGIC HISTORY; GEOLOGIC MODELS; APPALACHIA; DEPOSITION; FEDERAL REGION VII; FOSSILS; ORIGIN; PENNSYLVANIAN PERIOD; SOURCE ROCKS; TEXAS; BITUMINOUS MATERIALS; CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS; CHATTANOOGA FORMATION; ENERGY SOURCES; FEDERAL REGION VI; FOSSIL FUELS; FUELS; GEOLOGIC AGES; GEOLOGIC FORMATIONS; MATERIALS; NORTH AMERICA; OIL SHALES; PALEOZOIC ERA; USA; 040201* - Oil Shales & Tar Sands- Site Geology- (-1989)
Citation Formats
Boardman, II, D R, Yancey, T E, Mapes, R H, and Malinky, J M. New model of succession of Middle and Late Pennsylvanian fossil communities in north Texas, Mid-Continent, and Appalachians with implications on black shale controversy. United States: N. p., 1983.
Web.
Boardman, II, D R, Yancey, T E, Mapes, R H, & Malinky, J M. New model of succession of Middle and Late Pennsylvanian fossil communities in north Texas, Mid-Continent, and Appalachians with implications on black shale controversy. United States.
Boardman, II, D R, Yancey, T E, Mapes, R H, and Malinky, J M. 1983.
"New model of succession of Middle and Late Pennsylvanian fossil communities in north Texas, Mid-Continent, and Appalachians with implications on black shale controversy". United States.
@article{osti_6156010,
title = {New model of succession of Middle and Late Pennsylvanian fossil communities in north Texas, Mid-Continent, and Appalachians with implications on black shale controversy},
author = {Boardman, II, D R and Yancey, T E and Mapes, R H and Malinky, J M},
abstractNote = {A new model for the succession of Pennsylvanian fossil communities, preserved in cyclothems, is proposed on the basis of more than 200 fossil localities in the Mid-Continent, Appalachians, and north Texas. Early models for Mid-Continent cyclothems placed the black shales in shallow water, with maximum transgression at the fusulinid-bearing zone in the overlying limestone. The most recent model proposed that the black phosphatic shales, which commonly occur between two subtidal carbonates, are widespread and laterally continuous over great distances and represent maximum transgression. The black phosphatic shales contain: ammonoids; inarticulate brachiopods; radiolarians; conularids; shark material and abundant and diverse conodonts. The black shales grade vertically and laterally into dark gray-black shales which contain many of the same pelagic and epipelagic forms found in the phosphatic black shales. This facies contains the deepest water benthic community. Most of these forms are immature, pyritized, and generally are preserved as molds. The dark gray-black facies grades into a medium gray shale facies which contains a mature molluscan fauna. The medium gray shale grades into a lighter gray facies, which is dominated by brachiopods, crinoids, and corals, with occasional bivalves and gastropods. (These facies are interpreted as being a moderate to shallow depth shelf community). The brachiopid-crinoid community is succeeded by shallow water communities which may have occupied shoreline, lagoonal, bay, interdeltaic, or shallow prodeltaic environments.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/6156010},
journal = {Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol., Bull.; (United States)},
number = ,
volume = 67:3,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 1983},
month = {Tue Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 1983}
}