Response of pulmonary cellular defenses to the inhalation of high concentrations of diesel exhaust. [Rats]

Journal Article · Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1984 · J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398409530551· OSTI ID:5927325

Strom, K A

Rats were exposed to three concentrations of diluted diesel exhaust for 6 mo and 1 yr. Bronchopulmonary lavage was used to obtain the pulmonary phagocytes from the animals in order to study the response of the phagocytic defenses to the inhaled particulate. The cell counts of alveolar macrophages (AM) were proportional to the concentration of diesel exhaust particulate (DP) in the chronic exposures. AM increased in the lungs in response to the rate of DP mass entering the lungs, rather than to the total DP burden in the lung. The geometric mean volumes of AM from the exposed and control animals were approximately 1100 ..mu..m/sup 3/ at both 6 and 12 mo of exposure, although exposed cell-volume distributions skewed towards larger sizes. The AM volume distributions extended to 2000 ..mu..m/sup 3/ in both control and 250 /sup +/g DP/m/sup 3/ exposed animals and up to 5000 ..mu..m/sup 3/ in cells from animals exposed to 750 and 1500 ..mu..g DP/m/sup 3/. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes were present in the lavaged cell populations from the animals exposed to 750 and 1500 ..mu..g/m/sup 3/. In addition, at 1 yr of exposure, lymphocytes were also lavaged from animals exposed to 750 and 1500 ..mu..g DP/m/sup 3/. Protein, ..beta..-glucuronidase activity, and acid phosphatase activity were measured in the lavaged cells, and were elevated in the cells from animals exposed to 750 and 1500 ..mu..g/m/sup 3/. The buoyant density of diesel-laden AM was found to be greater than that of control AM, and overlapped with the buoyant density of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 42 references, 9 figures, 7 tables.

• Research Organization: General Motors Research Laboratories, Warren, MI
• OSTI ID: 5927325
• Journal Information: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States), Vol. 13:4-6
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
DIESEL ENGINES
EXHAUST GASES
TOXICITY
GLUCURONIDASE
ENZYME ACTIVITY
PHOSPHATASES
CHRONIC EXPOSURE
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
IMMUNE REACTIONS
IMMUNITY
INHALATION
LEUKOCYTES
LUNGS
LYMPHOCYTES
MACROPHAGES
PARTICULATES
PROTEINS
RATS
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DATA
ENGINES
ENZYMES
ESTERASES
FLUIDS
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
GLYCOSYL HYDROLASES
HEAT ENGINES
HYDROLASES
INFORMATION
INTAKE
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
NUMERICAL DATA
O-GLYCOSYL HYDROLASES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PARTICLES
PHAGOCYTES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SOMATIC CELLS
VERTEBRATES
WASTES
560305* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Vertebrates- (-1987)