Control of lineament in fluid migration and ore-mineral localization in rifts and rift-faulted basins
Many paleorifts and rift-faulted basins are characterized by high gravity, magnetic, and thermal anomalies, and high-density mantle cushions in the crust. Base metals are among the many important ore minerals and hydrocarbon accumulations occurring in the sedimentary formations and fracture zones of such rifts, and basins are commonly related to thermal processes and fluid migration through fractures, faults, and other micro or macro passages. Experimental and theoretical studies show that thermomechanical stresses owing to diapirism result in 1) development of fractures or faults and their patterns, 2) rejuvenation and opening of preexisting fractures, faults, or lineaments providing passages for migration of fluids or hydrothermal solutions, and 3) orientation of fracture pattern of preexisting anisotropy in rocks. Experiments show that changing property from brittle to brittle-ductile to ductile influences the volume percentage of dilation of the preexisting fractures and exerts control on the orientation, patterns, and opening of fractures in the overlying rocks. Rock mechanics experiments also show that extensive en echelon fractures or faults that develop under high fluid pressure by brittle to brittle-ductile extensional fracturing provide additional passage for the migration of fluid during active thermal uplift or rift formation, but they close during subsidence or basin formation. However, marginal fractures or thrust faults formed during dooming and uplift open during subsidence and rift-basin formation, and facilitate fluid migration and late hydrothermal ore-mineral localization.
- Research Organization:
- Brooklyn College of CUNY
- OSTI ID:
- 5898367
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-8410269-
- Journal Information:
- Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol., Bull.; (United States), Vol. 68:12; Conference: AAPG Eastern Section meeting, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 10 Oct 1984
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
58 GEOSCIENCES
29 ENERGY PLANNING
POLICY AND ECONOMY
ORES
MIGRATION
MINERALIZATION
PETROLEUM
FLUID FLOW
GEOLOGIC FAULTS
NATURAL GAS
PETROLEUM DEPOSITS
RESERVES
ROCK MECHANICS
SEDIMENTARY BASINS
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL GAS
FUELS
GAS FUELS
GASES
GEOLOGIC DEPOSITS
GEOLOGIC FRACTURES
GEOLOGIC STRUCTURES
MECHANICS
MINERAL RESOURCES
RESOURCES
020200* - Petroleum- Reserves
Geology
& Exploration
580300 - Mineralogy
Petrology
& Rock Mechanics- (-1989)
290400 - Energy Planning & Policy- Energy Resources