Studies of the initial reactions that occur during direct coal liquefaction
The objectives of this work are to identify the types of compounds and process conditions that give rise to retrogressive reactions during preconversion processing. Experiments have been performed to evaluate the impacts of temperature, pressure, catalysts, mineral matter, and hydrogen donor on these reactions. Initial studies have been carried out using dibenzyl ether (DBE) because ether linkages represent one type of bonding believed to be present in coal. Previous studies have analyzed the kinetics and mechanism of thermolysis of DBE and have also used DBE to study effects of process variables in coal liquefaction. Results of thermal reactions with DBE have shown that the main reaction products are toluene, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol and benzene. In the presence of catalysts such as ZnCl{sub 2}, the product distributions are more complicated and can contain significant amounts of material with higher molecular weights than DBE. 8 refs., 8 figs.
- Research Organization:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOE/FE
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC04-76DP00789
- OSTI ID:
- 5754336
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-89-2223C; CONF-891081-1; ON: DE90000843
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: Direct liquefaction contractors review meeting, Pittsburgh, PA (USA), 2-5 Oct 1989
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
BENZALDEHYDE
CHEMICAL REACTION YIELD
BENZENE
BENZYL ALCOHOL
COAL LIQUEFACTION
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
TOLUENE
ADDITIVES
CATALYSTS
KAOLINITE
PRESSURE EFFECTS
PYRITE
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
ZINC CHLORIDES
ALCOHOLS
ALDEHYDES
ALKYLATED AROMATICS
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM SILICATES
AROMATICS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
IRON COMPOUNDS
IRON SULFIDES
LIQUEFACTION
MINERALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
SILICATE MINERALS
SILICATES
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SULFIDE MINERALS
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
YIELDS
ZINC COMPOUNDS
ZINC HALIDES
010405* - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction