Markers of exposure to diesel exhaust in railroad workers. Research report
The study measured the exposure of railroad workers to diesel exhaust and environmental tobacco smoke by using personal air samples taken over two consecutive work shifts. Urine samples were collected from 87 subjects at the end of the study work shifts and were analyzed for markers of cigarette smoking (nicotine, cotinine) and for mutagenicity, using a sensitive microsuspension assay (Salmonella strain TA98 with or without S9 enzyme). Among smokers, a dose-response relationship was observed between urinary mutagenicity and the number of cigarettes smoked on the study day. After cigarette smoking was controlled for, no association was present between diesel exhaust exposure and urinary mutagenicity. Among nonsmokers, detectable concentrations of mutagens were present in the urine, but no association could be found between markers of diesel exhaust or environmental tobacco smoke and urinary mutagenicity. It was concluded that the mutagens associated with the levels of exposure to diesel exhaust or environmental tobacco smoke in the study were undetectable in the urine.
- Research Organization:
- California Univ., Davis, CA (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 5674222
- Report Number(s):
- PB-91-172015/XAB
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Prepared in cooperation with California State Air Resources Board, Sacramento, and Massachusetts Univ. Medical School, Worcester. Dept. of Community and Family Medicine. Sponsored by Health Effects Inst., Cambridge, MA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
DIESEL ENGINES
EXHAUST GASES
MUTAGEN SCREENING
NICOTINE
BIOLOGICAL MARKERS
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
METABOLIC ACTIVATION
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
PERSONNEL
RAILWAYS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
SALMONELLA
TOBACCO SMOKES
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ALKALOIDS
AMINES
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
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COLLOIDS
DISPERSIONS
DRUGS
ENGINES
FLUIDS
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
HEAT ENGINES
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
MICROORGANISMS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PARASYMPATHOLYTICS
PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
PYRIDINES
PYRROLES
PYRROLIDINES
RESIDUES
SCREENING
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SOLS
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540120* - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology