Environmental assessment of the use of radionuclides as tracers in the enhanced recovery of oil and gas. Final report
An environmental assessment of the use of radioisotopes as interwell tracers in field flooding for the enhanced recovery of oil and natural gas was performed. A typical operation using radioisotopes for interwell tracing was analyzed from the standpoint of three stages of operation: aboveground, subsurface, and recovery and disposal. Doses to workers who handle radioactive tracers and to members of the public were estimated for normal and accidental exposure scenarios. On the basis of estimates of the total quantity of tracer radionuclides injected in a year, the annual number of projects, the average number of injections per project, and assumed values of accident frequency, the collective dose equivalent is estimated to be 1.1 man-rem/y to workers and 15 man-rem/y to members of the public. The national radiological impact of the use of radioisotopes as interwell tracers in EOR projects is estimated to be a total collective dose equivalent of <16 man-rem/y. Accidential exposures are estimated to contribute relatively little to the total. 47 references, 8 figures, 43 tables.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- OSTI ID:
- 5632442
- Report Number(s):
- NUREG/CR-3467; UCRL-53485; ON: DE84002464; TRN: 83-027406
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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03 NATURAL GAS
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
ENHANCED RECOVERY
TRACER TECHNIQUES
HUMAN POPULATIONS
RADIATION DOSES
NATURAL GAS
PERSONNEL
PETROLEUM
ACCIDENTS
CALCIUM 45
CARBON 14
CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS
COBALT 57
COBALT 58
COBALT 60
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FLUID INJECTION
FORECASTING
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HEALTH HAZARDS
IODINE 125
IODINE 131
ISOMERS
NATURAL GAS WELLS
NICKEL 63
NUMERICAL DATA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
OIL WELLS
SILVER 110
SODIUM 22
STRONTIUM 85
STRONTIUM 90
SULFUR 35
TRITIUM COMPOUNDS
WELL STIMULATION
ZINC 65
ALKALI METAL ISOTOPES
ALKALINE EARTH ISOTOPES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-PLUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
CALCIUM ISOTOPES
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COBALT ISOTOPES
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DOSES
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
ENERGY SOURCES
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
EVEN-ODD NUCLEI
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL GAS
FUELS
GAS FUELS
GASES
HAZARDS
HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
INFORMATION
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES
IODINE ISOTOPES
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
LIGHT NUCLEI
MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
NICKEL ISOTOPES
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
POPULATIONS
RADIOISOTOPES
RECOVERY
SAFETY
SECONDS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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SULFUR ISOTOPES
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YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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