Determination of metals in soils and sewage sludges by ion chromatography and the effect of cropping systems on metal adsorption by soils
An accurate and precise ion chromatographic (IC) method for determination of total Cu, Ni, and Zn in soils was developed. The metals in soil digests were extracted with dithizone in CHCl{sub 3}, and the metal-dithizonate complexes were digested with HNO{sub 3} before injection into the IC system. After separation on HPIC-CS5 column, the metals were determined by measuring the absorbance of metal complexes formed by postcolumn reaction with 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR) at 520 nm. The results by this IC method agreed closely with those obtained by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AA). Comparison of results of total Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn with those obtained by AA showed that this method was accurate and precise for determination of metals in sewage sludges. The effect of cropping systems on adsorption of metals by soils was studied for two long-term rotation experiments, each having three crop rotations (continuous corn (CCCC), corn-soybean-corn-soybean, and corn-oats-meadow-meadow) and treatments with (+N) and without (O N) ammoniacal fertilizer. Results for soils under CCC rotations (+N) showed lower metal adsorption than those under CCCC (O N) and other crop rotations, which showed similar metal adsorption. Comparison of results obtained after adjusting the soil-solution pH with those for unadjusted solution pH showed that differences in metal adsorption by these soils were due to solution pH. Plots of the logarithm of the metal distribution coefficient (log K{sub d}) vs. pH suggested competition of protons with metal ions for exchange sites. In general, proton coefficient values (H{sup +}/M{sup 2+} ratios) followed the sequence: Pb > Cu > Cd = Ni = Zn. Calculated H{sup +}/M{sup 2+} ratios of <2 (ranging from 0.288 to 1.45) were obtained.
- Research Organization:
- Iowa State Univ. of Science and Technology, Ames, IA (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 5607845
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Thesis (Ph. D.)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
COPPER
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
CROPS
PRODUCTIVITY
LEAD
MANGANESE
NICKEL
SOILS
CONTAMINATION
ZINC
ABSORPTION SPECTRA
ADSORPTION
ION EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY
LAND POLLUTION
MONITORING
PH VALUE
SEWAGE SLUDGE
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL WASTES
CHROMATOGRAPHY
ELEMENTS
MATERIALS
METALS
POLLUTION
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SEWAGE
SLUDGES
SORPTION
SPECTRA
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
WASTES
540220* - Environment
Terrestrial- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology