HIV-mediated immunodepression: in vitro inhibition of T-lymphocyte proliferative response by ultraviolet-inactivated virus

Journal Article · Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1988 · Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-1229(88)90004-9· OSTI ID:5593003

Amadori, A; Faulkner-Valle, G P; De Rossi, A; Zanovello, P; Collavo, D; Chieco-Bianchi, L

In order to assess whether the human retrovirus HIV, like other animal retroviruses, is endowed with intrinsic immunosuppressive activity, we studied the effects of noninfectious, uv-irradiated virus on in vitro lymphocyte function. uvHIV preparations inhibited T-cell proliferation to mitogens and alloantigens, as well as mitogen-driven IL-2 production. The inhibitory effect, which was not exerted by uv-irradiated HTLV-I, was apparently not due to a decrease in cell viability and was likely associated with thermoresistant viral component(s). The suppression proved to be selective for T-cell responses, while sparing other lymphocyte functions, such as the B-cell proliferative response to a selective B-cell mitogen. The inhibitory effect of uvHIV was not counteracted by a substantial reduction in the number of monocytes or by indomethacin. Moreover, IL-1 production by monocytes was not affected upon virus incubation. On the other hand, the proliferative response of both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell clones was inhibited by uvHIV, suggesting that T cells represent the actual target for the inhibitory effect. Although a sizeable decrease in IL-2 production was observed following uvHIV incubation, exogenous IL-2 was not capable of reversing the virus-induced suppression of the proliferation. The possibility that the immunosuppressive activity of noninfectious HIV contributes to the T-cell defect in infected patients by mechanisms other than the cytopathic effect on CD4+ T lymphocytes is discussed.

• Research Organization: Univ. of Padova, Italy
• OSTI ID: 5593003
• Journal Information: Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol.; (United States), Vol. 46:1
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
IMMUNITY
RADIOINDUCTION
LYMPHOCYTES
BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
CELL PROLIFERATION
LYMPHOKINES
BIOSYNTHESIS
VIRUSES
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
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ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
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BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
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ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
FUNCTIONS
GROWTH FACTORS
LEUKOCYTES
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
MICROORGANISMS
MITOGENS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PARASITES
PROTEINS
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
RODENTS
SOMATIC CELLS
SYNTHESIS
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560130* - Radiation Effects on Microorganisms