In vitro biologic toxicity of native and surface-modified silica and kaolin

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1985 · J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398509530751· OSTI ID:5583217

Wallace, Jr, W E; Vallyathan, V; Keane, M J; Robinson, V

An in vitro study of the biologic responses of surface-modified and native silica and kaolin was made to provide comparative information on the suppression of cytotoxicity by pulmonary surfactant. The release of alveolar macrophage cytoplasmic enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and lysosomal enzymes ..beta..-N-acetylglucosaminidase (..beta..-NAG) and ..beta..-glucuronidase (..beta..-GLUC) and sheep blood-cell hemolysis were monitored as indicators of cell membrane damage and cytotoxicity. Surface modification of silica and kaolin with dipalmitoyl lecithin (DPL) resulted in complete abrogation of cytotoxicity of both minerals. These findings indicate that surface modification of minerals with different adsorption properties by pulmonary surfactant generally lessens their prompt adverse effects.

• Research Organization: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV
• OSTI ID: 5583217
• Journal Information: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States), Vol. 16:3-4
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
CELL MEMBRANES
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
KAOLIN
TOXICITY
SILICA
SURFACTANTS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BLOOD CELLS
GLUCURONIDASE
HYDROLASES
IN VITRO
LUNGS
OXIDOREDUCTASES
SHEEP
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
CELL CONSTITUENTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CLAYS
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
ENZYMES
GLYCOSYL HYDROLASES
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
MEMBRANES
MINERALS
O-GLYCOSYL HYDROLASES
ORGANS
OXIDE MINERALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RUMINANTS
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SILICON OXIDES
VERTEBRATES
560301* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Cells- (-1987)