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Title: Evaluation of steel shafts for magnetostrictive torque sensors (abstract)

Abstract

Based on the magnetostrictive effect in steel, a robust, noncontacting shaft torque sensor can be obtained. A fundamental problem is compatibility between mechanical strength required for a shaft and a magnetic one needed for a torque sensor. To find shaft material accommodating these two requirements, we investigated basic characteristics, such as hysteresis, linearity, and zero-level fluctuation associated with shaft rotation, of the magnetostrictive torque sensor for various nickel chromium molybdenum steel shafts (SNCM in Japanese Industrial Standard) subjected to case hardening. We prepared three kinds of shafts of 25 mm in diameter: SNCM 420 (Ni=1.69{percent}, C=0.2{percent}), SNCM 616 (Ni=2.91{percent}, C=0.15{percent}), and SNCM 447 (Ni=1.67{percent}, C=0.49{percent}). Shafts of the first two materials were carburized, whereas those of the last one were quenched. We used a magnetic head-type torque sensor consisting of a pair of cross-coupled figure-eight coils (14 turn). The hysteresis in the input{endash}output relationship was measured for the excitation current from 0.1 to 1.0 A at 60 kHz. The hysteresis of the SNCM 420 shaft changes from negative to positive with the increase in excitation current and that of the SNCM 616 shaft decreases monotonically but never reaches zero, whereas that of the SNCM 447 shaft exhibits minimum. The smallestmore » values obtained are nearly zero for the SNCM 420 shaft at 0.3 A, 1.5{percent}/(full scale (FS)=400 Nm) for the SNCM 616 shaft at 1.0 A and 0.7{percent}/FS for the SNCM 447 shaft at 0.8 A, respectively. The linearity measured for the SNCM 420 shaft, which has the smallest hysteresis of the three, at 0.3 A and 60 kHz was virtually straight for the applied torque range {minus}400{endash}400 Nm and 0.8{percent} of nonlinearity error for the range {minus}1000{endash}1000 Nm. The zero-level fluctuation was measured for the SNCM 420 shaft by rotating the shaft without applying torque. (Abstract Truncated)« less

Authors:
; ;  [1]
  1. Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, Kyushu University 36, Fukuoka 812-81 (Japan)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
554260
Report Number(s):
CONF-961141-
Journal ID: JAPIAU; ISSN 0021-8979; TRN: 9709M0151
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Journal of Applied Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 81; Journal Issue: 8; Conference: 41. annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials, Atlanta, GA (United States), 12-15 Nov 1996; Other Information: PBD: Apr 1997
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES; 30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION; MEASURING INSTRUMENTS; MAGNETOSTRICTION; SURFACE HARDENING; EDDY CURRENT TESTING; FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS; STEELS; MATERIALS TESTING; TORQUE; CARBURIZATION; SENSITIVITY; MAGNETIZATION; HYSTERESIS

Citation Formats

Koga, F, Yoshida, K, and Sasada, I. Evaluation of steel shafts for magnetostrictive torque sensors (abstract). United States: N. p., 1997. Web. doi:10.1063/1.364806.
Koga, F, Yoshida, K, & Sasada, I. Evaluation of steel shafts for magnetostrictive torque sensors (abstract). United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.364806
Koga, F, Yoshida, K, and Sasada, I. 1997. "Evaluation of steel shafts for magnetostrictive torque sensors (abstract)". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.364806.
@article{osti_554260,
title = {Evaluation of steel shafts for magnetostrictive torque sensors (abstract)},
author = {Koga, F and Yoshida, K and Sasada, I},
abstractNote = {Based on the magnetostrictive effect in steel, a robust, noncontacting shaft torque sensor can be obtained. A fundamental problem is compatibility between mechanical strength required for a shaft and a magnetic one needed for a torque sensor. To find shaft material accommodating these two requirements, we investigated basic characteristics, such as hysteresis, linearity, and zero-level fluctuation associated with shaft rotation, of the magnetostrictive torque sensor for various nickel chromium molybdenum steel shafts (SNCM in Japanese Industrial Standard) subjected to case hardening. We prepared three kinds of shafts of 25 mm in diameter: SNCM 420 (Ni=1.69{percent}, C=0.2{percent}), SNCM 616 (Ni=2.91{percent}, C=0.15{percent}), and SNCM 447 (Ni=1.67{percent}, C=0.49{percent}). Shafts of the first two materials were carburized, whereas those of the last one were quenched. We used a magnetic head-type torque sensor consisting of a pair of cross-coupled figure-eight coils (14 turn). The hysteresis in the input{endash}output relationship was measured for the excitation current from 0.1 to 1.0 A at 60 kHz. The hysteresis of the SNCM 420 shaft changes from negative to positive with the increase in excitation current and that of the SNCM 616 shaft decreases monotonically but never reaches zero, whereas that of the SNCM 447 shaft exhibits minimum. The smallest values obtained are nearly zero for the SNCM 420 shaft at 0.3 A, 1.5{percent}/(full scale (FS)=400 Nm) for the SNCM 616 shaft at 1.0 A and 0.7{percent}/FS for the SNCM 447 shaft at 0.8 A, respectively. The linearity measured for the SNCM 420 shaft, which has the smallest hysteresis of the three, at 0.3 A and 60 kHz was virtually straight for the applied torque range {minus}400{endash}400 Nm and 0.8{percent} of nonlinearity error for the range {minus}1000{endash}1000 Nm. The zero-level fluctuation was measured for the SNCM 420 shaft by rotating the shaft without applying torque. (Abstract Truncated)},
doi = {10.1063/1.364806},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/554260}, journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
number = 8,
volume = 81,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1997},
month = {Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1997}
}