General design, construction, and operation guidelines: Constructed wetlands wastewater treatment systems for small users including individual residences
A constructed wetlands system (CW) treats wastewater through natural water quality improvement processes (physical, chemical and biological) that occur in natural wetlands. Proper design, construction and operation of a CW optimize the processes. Treatment by CW can be effective, reliable, simple and relatively inexpensive as compared to conventional systems. CW systems can be built for wide flow ranges, including sources having relatively small flows (e.g., individual homes, small businesses and schools). A CW is an alternative for a small system where conventional on-site methods are ineffective due to poor site conditions (e.g., low soil percolation, shallow soils, high groundwater table, Karst topography). 4 figs.
- Research Organization:
- Tennessee Valley Authority, Chattanooga, TN (United States). River Basin Operations/Water Resources
- Sponsoring Organization:
- TVA; Tennessee Valley Authority, Knoxville, TN (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 5521559
- Report Number(s):
- TVA/WR/WQ-91/2; ON: DE91015968
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WASTE PROCESSING PLANTS
CONSTRUCTION
DESIGN
OPERATION
WETLANDS
WASTE PROCESSING
FLUID FLOW
HYDRAULICS
ORGANIC MATTER
PIPES
PLANTS
PUMPING
RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
RESOURCE CONSERVATION
SEWAGE
WASTE WATER
WATER POLLUTION
WATER QUALITY
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
BUILDINGS
ECOSYSTEMS
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
FLUID MECHANICS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
LIQUID WASTES
MANAGEMENT
MATTER
MECHANICS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION
PROCESSING
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTES
WATER
320107* - Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization- Building Systems- (1987-)
540320 - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
320305 - Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization- Industrial & Agricultural Processes- Industrial Waste Management