Classes of compounds responsible for mutagenic and cytotoxic activity in tars and oils formed during low BTU gasification of coal
The Lovelace Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute (ITRI), in cooperation with the Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC), has completed toxicity screening of vapors, liquids and solids formed during operation of an experimental pressurized, stirred-bed, coal gasifier at METC. Vapors collected from the cooled process stream on Tenax resins had no mutagenic activity in the Ames Salmonella assay. Dichloromethane extracts of liquids and solids collected from the effluent or process streams were fractionated by gel chromatography into fractions containing mostly aliphatic compounds; neutral polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH); polar (PAH) and heterocyclic compounds; and salts. The polar fraction was partitioned into acids, bases, water soluble compounds and phenols. Bacterial mutagenic activity was highest in the basic fraction with additional activity in the neutral PAHs. Highest cytotoxicity toward both the bacteria and canine alveolar macrophages was in the phenolic fraction. Treatment of the gasifier tars by nitrosation or by acetylation to remove primary aromatic amines (PAA) reduced the bacterial mutagenicity by 50-60%, indicating that some, but not all, of the mutagenicity was due to PAA.
- Research Organization:
- Lovelace Inhalation Toxicology Research Inst., P.O. Box 5890, Albuquerque, NM
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC04-76EV01013
- OSTI ID:
- 5517593
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-860425-
- Journal Information:
- Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Gas Fuel Chem., Prepr.; (United States), Vol. 31:2; Conference: 191. American Chemical Society national meeting, New York, NY, USA, 13 Apr 1986
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
COAL LIQUIDS
FRACTIONATION
MUTAGENESIS
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
TOXICITY
COAL TAR
ACETYLATION
ANTIMITOTIC DRUGS
CHEMICAL REACTORS
CHROMATOGRAPHY
COAL GASIFICATION
LIQUIDS
LOW BTU GAS
METHYLENE CHLORIDE
MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CENTER
MUTAGEN SCREENING
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
SALMONELLA
SOLIDS
VAPORS
ACYLATION
AROMATICS
BACTERIA
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DRUGS
EXTRACTION
FLUIDS
FUEL GAS
FUELS
GAS FUELS
GASES
GASIFICATION
HYDROCARBONS
MICROORGANISMS
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
SCREENING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
TAR
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
US DOE
US ORGANIZATIONS
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