Chemical characterization and toxicologic evaluation of airborne mixtures. Final report 1 October 79-30 July 1980

Technical Report · Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1981

OSTI ID:5461805

Ballou, J E

Generators were constructed to produce both petroleum (SGF-2) and red phosphorus/butyl rubber (RP/BR) smoke aerosols. The petroleum smoke generator produced smoke concentrations of 2 to 10 mg/l for several hours with standard deviations less than 12%. Aerosol particles ranged in size from 0.6 to 1.6 micrometers MMAD with sigma sub g 1.5 to 1.9. Chemical composition of particles was not related to particle size. Using the Battelle-designed exposure chamber, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to the petroleum aerosol at concentrations of 2.65 to 10.73 mg/l for periods of 1 to 6 hours. Animal deaths occurred only in the 6-hour exposure to 10.73 mg/l. One of the dead animals had serosanguineous nasal discharge and frothy tracheal contents. The RP/BR smoke generator produced smoke concentrations of 2 to 10 mg/l. Aerosol particles were on the order of 0.9 to 1.4 micrometers MMAD with sigma sub g 1.5 to 1.7. Rats were exposed to 3.15, 4.33, 5.36 and 8.46 mg/l for 1 hour and 1.53 mg/l for 4 hours. The 4.33 mg/l exposure produced 50% mortality. Of the 40 animals exposed for 1 hour, 23 died within 14 days. All of these died on days 1, 2, 6, 8, 9, 10, or 11, suggesting both acute and delayed causes of death. Grossly observed pathology, which consistently involved the laryngeal and proximal tracheal region, included marked erosion and edema of these areas.

• Research Organization: Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA (USA)
• OSTI ID: 5461805
• Report Number(s): AD-A-102678/0
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
SMOKES
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
TOXICITY
AEROSOL GENERATORS
BUTYL PHOSPHATES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
EXPOSURE CHAMBERS
INHALATION
MORTALITY
PARTICLE SIZE
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PHOSPHORUS
RATS
AEROSOLS
ANIMALS
COLLOIDS
DISPERSIONS
ELEMENTS
ESTERS
INTAKE
MAMMALS
NONMETALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS
PHOSPHORIC ACID ESTERS
RESIDUES
RODENTS
SIZE
SOLS
VERTEBRATES
560305* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Vertebrates- (-1987)
500200 - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)