Electric Water Heater Energy Retrofits-Safety and Energy Savings.
Investigations of the relative energy savings associated with a number of water heater conservation measures are presented. These include water heater insulation wrap, pipe insulation, and three anticonvection devices for control of pipe losses. In addition, potential service-wiring overheating problems resulting from external tank insulation are examined. Estimates of the absolute and relative savings of each conservative measure are presented. The effect of partial wrapping due to close clearances is examined. Two anticonvection valve designs are compared with the use of a simle piping loop for control of heat loss through connected piping. Variables affecting service-wire temperature are examined and their sensitivities evaluated. Variables examined include: water temperature, ambient temperature, the use of cutouts in the insulation wrap, service-wire conductor size, severity of service cycle, and heating element size.
- Research Organization:
- U.S. Dept. of Energy, Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR
- OSTI ID:
- 5344694
- Journal Information:
- ASHRAE Trans.; (United States), Vol. 89:1B
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
WATER HEATERS
ELECTRIC HEATING
ENERGY CONSERVATION
RETROFITTING
SAFETY
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
CONVECTION
DESIGN
ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS
HEAT LOSSES
PIPES
SENSITIVITY
SIZE
TANKS
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
THERMAL INSULATION
VALVES
WIRES
APPLIANCES
CONTAINERS
CONTROL EQUIPMENT
ENERGY LOSSES
EQUIPMENT
FLOW REGULATORS
HEATERS
HEATING
LOSSES
Water heaters - Energy consumption
320101* - Energy Conservation
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