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Title: Hydrodynamic fragmentation of drops

Thesis/Dissertation ·
OSTI ID:5273464

Sometimes the contact of a hot liquid with a cold one can develop into a rapid thermal interaction in which a significant fraction of the thermal energy in the hot liquid is converted to work. These interactions are called thermal explosions. To obtain a coherent explosion, a coupling of the damaging pressure pulse and the extremely rapid and fine fragmentation which is required to occur behind it, must exist. In the simplest case we can examine the purely hydrodynamic fragmentation induced by a shcok wave. To this end we have constructed a hydrodyamic shock tube facility in which the morphology of this fragmentation can be studied. For high density ratio and interfacial tension systems, the fragmentation is found to be probably due to penetration of the drop by unstable waves. We have deduced an envelope of conditions to characterize drop breakup in these systems. Analytical models, which involve the time constants of both the drop-piercing Taylor instability and the wake-forming shear effects, reflect our experimental results well. In addition, it is found that the mercury/water system studied here should simulate the uranium dioxide/sodium pair, which is the interest in safety studies of fast reactors. Recently published models which explore the relevance of thermal explosions in fast reactors, have utilized fragmentation results in liquid/gas systems. The fragmentation process is a prime unknown in these models; the subsequent heat transfer, vaporization and expansion being much better understood. Our experiments indicate that the fragmentation behavior of liquid/liquid systems can be very distinct from that in liquid/gas pairs and an incorporation of our results would be necessary in these models.

Research Organization:
Purdue Univ., Lafayette, IN (USA)
OSTI ID:
5273464
Resource Relation:
Other Information: Thesis (Ph.D.)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English