Proton-induced x-ray emission, proton-induced gamma-ray emission, and x-ray absorption spectroscopy: applications to environmental analysis
Two sample preparation techniques, the single-acid wet-oxidation and the lithium metaborate fusion-dissolution, have been applied to PIXE analysis with acceptable trace-element recoveries. A variety of samples have been prepared, including: white bass organs, deer and elk antlers. NRS standard reference materials, IAEA standard animal bone, USGS standard rock samples, and munitions disposal residues. PIGE analysis has been applied to light-element analysis of environment samples. Thin-and thick-target gamma-ray yields were determined for Li, B, O, F, Na, Mg, and Al. Light-elements in coal and oil fly ash were determined with parts per million sensitivity. Nickel and vanadium compounds have been identified in fly ash collected from vanadium compounds have been identified in fly ash collected from the flue lines of an oil-fired power plant using x-ray absorption spectroscopy. VOSO/sub 4/.3H/sub 2/O was the primary vanadium compound and NiO and NiSO/sub 4/ were the primary nickel compounds. NXRAY was written to control data acquisition on a Canberra Series 90 MCA-PDP 11/23PLUS computer system. This program provides for data to be transferred between individual collection regions of the MCA and the host computer, and spectra to be plotted on a HP 7475A graphics plotter.
- Research Organization:
- Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5060861
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Thesis (Ph. D.)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
02 PETROLEUM
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
FLY ASH
GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
PIXE ANALYSIS
X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY
ALUMINIUM
BORON
COAL
DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS
DATA TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
FLUORINE
FUEL OILS
LITHIUM
MAGNESIUM
N CODES
NICKEL
OXYGEN
SAMPLE PREPARATION
SODIUM
TRACE AMOUNTS
VANADIUM
AEROSOL WASTES
ALKALI METALS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
ASHES
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
COMPUTER CODES
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HALOGENS
LIQUID FUELS
MATERIALS
METALS
NONDESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS
NONMETALS
OILS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
RESIDUES
SEMIMETALS
SPECTROSCOPY
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
WASTES
X-RAY EMISSION ANALYSIS
010600* - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Properties & Composition
010900 - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Environmental Aspects
023000 - Petroleum- Properties & Composition
020900 - Petroleum- Environmental Aspects
500200 - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)
510200 - Environment
Terrestrial- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)
520200 - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)