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Title: Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rhizosphere soil

Abstract

Increased contaminant biodegradation in soil in the presence of plants has been demonstrated for several classes of organic compounds. Although enhanced dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was observed previously in the rhizosphere of several plant species, the mechanism of this effect has not been assessed. A laboratory experiment was conducted to test the importance of cometabolism and the presence of common rhizosphere organic acids on the loss of PAHs (pyrene and phenanthrene) from soil. The role of cometabolism in the mineralization of pyrene was tested by observing the impact of adding phenanthrene to soil containing {sup 14}C-pyrene and observing the effects on {sup 14}CO{sub 2} generation. Adding phenanthrene apparently induced cometabolism of pyrene, particularly in the presence of organic acids. In a subsequent experiment, mineralization of pyrene to {sup 14}CO{sub 2} was significantly greater in soil from the rhizospheres of warm-season grasses, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L.), compared to soil from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), which did not differ from sterilized control soil. A highly branched, fine root system appears to be more effective in enhancing biodegradation than taproots, and the presence of organic acids increases rates of PAH mineralization.

Authors:
; ;  [1]
  1. Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS (United States)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
490966
Report Number(s):
CONF-950483-
ISBN 1-57477-008-X; TRN: IM9729%%217
Resource Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: 3. international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium, San Diego, CA (United States), 24-27 Apr 1995; Other Information: PBD: 1995; Related Information: Is Part Of Bioremediation of recalcitrant organics; Hinchee, R.E.; Anderson, D.B. [eds.] [Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, OH (United States)]; Hoeppel, R.E. [ed.] [Naval Facilities Engineering Services Center, Port Hueneme, CA (United States)]; PB: 378 p.; Bioremediation, Volume 3(7)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; BIODEGRADATION; PYRENE; PHENANTHRENE; REMEDIAL ACTION; SOILS; METABOLISM; BENCH-SCALE EXPERIMENTS; ALFALFA; SORGHUM; GRAMINEAE

Citation Formats

Schwab, A P, Banks, M K, and Arunachalam, M. Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rhizosphere soil. United States: N. p., 1995. Web.
Schwab, A P, Banks, M K, & Arunachalam, M. Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rhizosphere soil. United States.
Schwab, A P, Banks, M K, and Arunachalam, M. 1995. "Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rhizosphere soil". United States.
@article{osti_490966,
title = {Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rhizosphere soil},
author = {Schwab, A P and Banks, M K and Arunachalam, M},
abstractNote = {Increased contaminant biodegradation in soil in the presence of plants has been demonstrated for several classes of organic compounds. Although enhanced dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was observed previously in the rhizosphere of several plant species, the mechanism of this effect has not been assessed. A laboratory experiment was conducted to test the importance of cometabolism and the presence of common rhizosphere organic acids on the loss of PAHs (pyrene and phenanthrene) from soil. The role of cometabolism in the mineralization of pyrene was tested by observing the impact of adding phenanthrene to soil containing {sup 14}C-pyrene and observing the effects on {sup 14}CO{sub 2} generation. Adding phenanthrene apparently induced cometabolism of pyrene, particularly in the presence of organic acids. In a subsequent experiment, mineralization of pyrene to {sup 14}CO{sub 2} was significantly greater in soil from the rhizospheres of warm-season grasses, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L.), compared to soil from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), which did not differ from sterilized control soil. A highly branched, fine root system appears to be more effective in enhancing biodegradation than taproots, and the presence of organic acids increases rates of PAH mineralization.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/490966}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Dec 31 00:00:00 EST 1995},
month = {Sun Dec 31 00:00:00 EST 1995}
}

Conference:
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