Removal of organic and inorganic sulfur compounds by ozone and granular activated carbon
- Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, La Verne, CA (United States)
- Watersource Consulting Engineers, Inc., Reno, NV (United States)
Most groundwater supplies in the western U.S. are relatively low in dissolved organic matter, are generally free of bacteria, and are platable to their consumers. In areas of western Nevada, certain groundwaters are near active geothermal areas, which can produce sulfurous types of tastes and odors (T&Os) in the water. Other water quality characteristics can consist of either relatively low or highly mineralized waters, variations in pH, and temperatures ranging from those slightly above normal groundwaters to pressurized steam. Watersource Consulting Engineers (WCE) and Shepherd Laboratories (SL) conducted an engineering study of a high-capacity well for a local northwestern Nevada utility. WCE`s original task had been to design pumping and storage facilities for the well, in addition to evaluating basic treatment. Originally, WCE anticipated designing facilities to remove hydrogen sulfide (H{sub 2}S) and reduce color, primarily with chlorination and aeration. SL was requested to evaluate existing water quality and eventually conduct bench-scale testing of several treatment processes. As the study proceeded, the original goals were modified when it became evident that water quality conditions required more extensive evaluation. The study was done in several stages, reflecting the information gained during each stage. The final recommended design criteria included treatment for improving water quality relative to T&O, color, total organic carbon (TOC), and, to a limited extent, fluoride. The water quality goals adopted by the utility encompassed primary maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for regulatory compliance and secondary MCLs for aesthetically pleasing water. The treatment processes evaluated and recommended in this study were designed primarily to improve the aesthetic qualities of color, taste, and odor. Fluoride reduction was evaluated but was not included in the final design requirements, except for the overall reduction provided by the recommended process.
- OSTI ID:
- 387289
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-951108-; TRN: 96:003589-0014
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: Water quality technology conference, New Orleans, LA (United States), 12-16 Nov 1995; Other Information: PBD: 1996; Related Information: Is Part Of Proceedings: 1995 water quality technology conference. Part I - Sunday seminars through Session 3E includes poster presentations. Part II - Session 4A through ST7; PB: 2562 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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