Investigative and management techniques for cement kiln dust and pulp and paper mill process wastes
- RMT, Inc., Okemos, MI (United States)
Knowledge of the characteristics of industrial process wastes allows for some innovative and cost savings techniques for investigating and managing these wastes over conventional methods. This paper explores examples of some of these techniques employed on cement kiln dust (CKD) and pulp and paper mill process waste. Similar to Portland Cement, unleached CKD contains free lime and sources of reactive silica and/or alumina. Thus, it can set up in the presence of water. Properly moisture conditioned CKD has been successfully used in Michigan as a landfill liner and cover material on closures of old CKD piles and newly permitted fills. In addition to its pozzolanic properties, CKD contains high concentrations of soluble salts, generating a leachate with high total dissolved solids concentrations. Surface and downhole geophysical methods employing electromagnetic conductivity have proven effective in delineating the horizontal and vertical extent of groundwater plumes. At one paper mill in Alabama where dewatered filter cake had been placed in a lined solid waste facility, liquids that had migrated to the surface due to excessive gas pressures caused unstable working conditions at the surface. Large, vertical french drains and a horizontal drainage blanket consisting of geogrid and sand constructed over the existing waste resulted in dewatering and a substantial increase in waste stability, allowing a vertical expansion to proceed. At a kraft mill in the southeastern US, a geotechnical investigation of a lime mud pond revealed that the stability of the unit would increase by construction of an overlying dike, thereby allowing a vertical expansion to proceed. Finally, laboratory testing and modeling of the behavior of paper mill sludges indicates that they can be used as a landfill cover with permeabilities equivalent to or better than compacted clay.
- OSTI ID:
- 354293
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-970677-; TRN: IM9930%%34
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 90. annual meeting and exhibition of the Air and Waste Management Association, Toronto (Canada), 8-13 Jun 1997; Other Information: PBD: 1997; Related Information: Is Part Of 1997 proceedings of the Air and Waste Management Association`s 90. annual meeting and exhibition; PB: [7000] p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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