Aging in the relaxor and ferroelectric state of Fe-doped (1-x)(Bi{sub 1/2}Na{sub 1/2})TiO₃-xBaTiO₃ piezoelectric ceramics
- Materials Science Department, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt (Germany)
- Ceramics Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015 (Switzerland)
- Institute of Physical Chemistry I, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg (Germany)
- Division of Electronic Engineering and Physics, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN (United Kingdom)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798 (Korea, Republic of)
- Centre de Recherche Public—Gabriel Lippmann, L-4422 Belvaux (Luxembourg)
Aging of piezoelectric properties was investigated in lead-free (1–x)(Bi{sub 1/2}Na{sub 1/2})TiO₃-xBaTiO₃ doped with 1at.% Fe. The relaxor character of the un-poled material prevents macroscopic aging effects, while in the field-induced ferroelectric phase aging phenomena are similar to those found in lead zirconate titanate or barium titanate. Most prominent aging effects are the development of an internal bias field and the decrease of switchable polarization. These effects are temperature activated, and can be explained in the framework of defect complex reorientation. This picture is further supported by electron paramagnetic resonance spectra indicating the existence of (Fe{sub Ti}´-V{sub O}{sup ••}){sup •} defect complexes in the Fe-doped material.
- OSTI ID:
- 22305963
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 116, Issue 10; Other Information: (c) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0021-8979
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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