Influence of In doping on the structural, photo-luminescence and alcohol response characteristics of the SnO{sub 2} nanoparticles
- Department of Physics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad 211004 (India)
- Department of Chemistry, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad 211004 (India)
Graphical abstract: When the sample is exposed to air, the atmospheric oxygen O{sub 2} adsorbs on the sample surface in the form of ionic species O{sup −} by capturing electrons from the conduction band. The adsorbed ionic species O{sup −} react with the test alcohol molecules and are responsible for sensing mechanism. - Highlights: • In-doped SnO{sub 2} samples show smaller crystallinity with crystallite size: ∼7–9 nm. • EDX analyses confirm the incorporation of indium ions in the SnO{sub 2} lattice. • Raman spectra are consistent with the results of XRD and SAED pattern. • Alcohol response has been found to increase with the indium dopant concentration. • 3 at% In-doped sample exhibits maximum response (96.5%) to propan-2-ol at 250 °C. - Abstract: Undoped and In-doped SnO{sub 2} nanoparticles were synthesized by the co-precipitation method. Upon In doping, the samples exhibit reduced crystallinity as compared to the undoped SnO{sub 2}. The Raman spectra of the undoped samples exhibit three fundamental peaks at 467.3, 633.4 and 774.6 cm{sup −1} corresponding to E{sub g}, A{sub 1g} and B{sub 2g} vibration modes, respectively. The PL spectra show two strong emission bands at the wavelengths 417 nm and 479 nm, along with five weak emission peaks in the visible region. Alcohol response characteristics of the In-doped SnO{sub 2} samples were investigated for various concentrations (10–50 ppm) at different operating temperatures (150–250 °C). Among all the samples examined, the 3 at% In-doped SnO{sub 2} sample shows maximum response (96.5%) to propan-2-ol, followed by ethanol (92%) and methanol (90%) at the operating temperature of 250 °C for 50 ppm concentration. For each test alcohol, the response has been found to increase with the In dopant concentration.
- OSTI ID:
- 22285149
- Journal Information:
- Materials Research Bulletin, Vol. 48, Issue 10; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0025-5408
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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