JETS FROM TIDAL DISRUPTIONS OF STARS BY BLACK HOLES
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States)
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 (Israel)
Tidal disruption of main-sequence stars by black holes has generally been thought to lead to a signal dominated by UV emission. If, however, the black hole spins rapidly and the poloidal magnetic field intensity on the black hole horizon is comparable to the inner accretion disk pressure, a powerful jet may form whose luminosity can easily exceed the thermal UV luminosity. When the jet beam points at Earth, its non-thermal luminosity can dominate the emitted spectrum. The thermal and non-thermal components decay differently with time. In particular, the thermal emission should remain roughly constant for a significant time after the period of maximum accretion, beginning to diminish only after a delay, whereas after the peak accretion rate, the non-thermal jet emission decays, but then reaches a plateau. Both transitions are tied to a characteristic timescale t{sub Edd} at which the accretion rate falls below Eddington. Making use of this timescale in a new parameter-inference formalism for tidal disruption events with significant emission from a jet, we analyze the recent flare source Swift J2058. It is consistent with an event in which a main-sequence solar-type star is disrupted by a black hole of mass {approx}4 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 7} M{sub Sun }. The beginning of the flat phase in the non-thermal emission from this source can possibly be seen in the late-time light curve. Optical photometry over the first {approx_equal} 40 days of this flare is also consistent with this picture, but is only weakly constraining because the bolometric correction is very uncertain. We suggest that future searches for main-sequence tidal disruptions use methods sensitive to jet radiation as well as to thermal UV radiation.
- OSTI ID:
- 22020458
- Journal Information:
- Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 749, Issue 1; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0004-637X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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