A PAN-CARINA YOUNG STELLAR OBJECT CATALOG: INTERMEDIATE-MASS YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS IN THE CARINA NEBULA IDENTIFIED VIA MID-INFRARED EXCESS EMISSION
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802 (United States)
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States)
- Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325 (United States)
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, 475 N. Charter Street, Madison, WI 53706 (United States)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 (United States)
- Department of Physical Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 (Japan)
- Department of Astrophysics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602 (Japan)
We present a catalog of 1439 young stellar objects (YSOs) spanning the 1.42 deg{sup 2} field surveyed by the Chandra Carina Complex Project (CCCP), which includes the major ionizing clusters and the most active sites of ongoing star formation within the Great Nebula in Carina. Candidate YSOs were identified via infrared (IR) excess emission from dusty circumstellar disks and envelopes, using data from the Spitzer Space Telescope (the Vela-Carina survey) and the Two-Micron All Sky Survey. We model the 1-24 {mu}m IR spectral energy distributions of the YSOs to constrain physical properties. Our Pan-Carina YSO Catalog (PCYC) is dominated by intermediate-mass (2 M{sub sun} < m {approx}< 10 M{sub sun}) objects with disks, including Herbig Ae/Be stars and their less evolved progenitors. The PCYC provides a valuable complementary data set to the CCCP X-ray source catalogs, identifying 1029 YSOs in Carina with no X-ray detection. We also catalog 410 YSOs with X-ray counterparts, including 62 candidate protostars. Candidate protostars with X-ray detections tend to be more evolved than those without. In most cases, X-ray emission apparently originating from intermediate-mass, disk-dominated YSOs is consistent with the presence of low-mass companions, but we also find that X-ray emission correlates with cooler stellar photospheres and higher disk masses. We suggest that intermediate-mass YSOs produce X-rays during their early pre-main-sequence evolution, perhaps driven by magnetic dynamo activity during the convective atmosphere phase, but this emission dies off as the stars approach the main sequence. Extrapolating over the stellar initial mass function scaled to the PCYC population, we predict a total population of >2 x 10{sup 4} YSOs and a present-day star formation rate (SFR) of >0.008 M{sub sun} yr{sup -1}. The global SFR in the Carina Nebula, averaged over the past {approx}5 Myr, has been approximately constant.
- OSTI ID:
- 21560390
- Journal Information:
- Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, Vol. 194, Issue 1; Other Information: DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/194/1/14; ISSN 0067-0049
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
COSMOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY
CATALOGS
EMISSION
ENERGY SPECTRA
INFRARED RADIATION
LUMINOSITY
MASS
NEBULAE
PHOTOSPHERE
PROTOSTARS
STAR EVOLUTION
STARS
TELESCOPES
X RADIATION
X-RAY DETECTION
X-RAY SOURCES
ATMOSPHERES
DETECTION
DOCUMENT TYPES
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
EVOLUTION
IONIZING RADIATIONS
OPTICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
RADIATION DETECTION
RADIATION SOURCES
RADIATIONS
SOLAR ATMOSPHERE
SPECTRA
STELLAR ATMOSPHERES