Effects of nonlinearity on the optical diffraction of Bose-Einstein condensates: Direct integration of optically coupled multicomponent Gross-Pitaevskii equation
- Hamamatsu Photonics Kt.K., Central Research Laboratory, Hirakuchi, Hamakita-ku, Hamamatsu 434-8601 (Japan)
We investigate in detail the effects of nonlinearity on optical diffraction of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). By directly integrating the optically coupled two-component Gross-Pitaevskii equation in real space-time, comprehensive analyses of BEC optical diffraction phenomena are done under various conditions of light-pulse irradiation, total number of BEC atoms, etc., without using the adiabatic elimination approximation for an atomic excited state. Calculation results for the optical diffraction of {sup 87}Rb BECs revealed that (1) the effect of nonlinearity on the atomic states causes the ''nonkinetic'' nonlinear effect in the Raman-Nath regime of diffraction, while the dynamics of BEC atoms due to the nonlinearity-induced repulsive forces works dominantly to produce the ''kinetic'' nonlinear effect in the Bragg regime of diffraction; (2) nonlinearity reduces the amplitude and frequency of the two-photon Rabi oscillation between BEC stationary and moving states, suggesting limitations in implementing the BEC Mach-Zehnder interferometer; and (3) the observed nonlinear effects are free from kinetic effects of the atomic excited state and not responsible for the optical transition process.
- OSTI ID:
- 21537207
- Journal Information:
- Physical Review. A, Vol. 83, Issue 2; Other Information: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.83.023619; (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics; ISSN 1050-2947
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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GENERAL PHYSICS
74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
APPROXIMATIONS
ATOMS
BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION
DIFFRACTION
EQUATIONS
MACH-ZEHNDER INTERFEROMETER
NONLINEAR PROBLEMS
OSCILLATIONS
PHOTONS
PULSED IRRADIATION
RUBIDIUM 87
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BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BOSONS
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COHERENT SCATTERING
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
INTERFEROMETERS
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
IRRADIATION
ISOTOPES
MASSLESS PARTICLES
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
RADIATIONS
RADIOISOTOPES
RUBIDIUM ISOTOPES
SCATTERING
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES