Benefits of Synchrotron Microangiography for Dynamic Studies of Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Roles in the Pathophysiology of Vascular Disease

Journal Article · Fri Jul 23 00:00:00 EDT 2010 · AIP Conference Proceedings

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3478204· OSTI ID:21415288

Pearson, James T ^[1]; Schwenke, Daryl O; Eppel, Gabriela A; Evans, Roger G ^[2]; Jenkins, Mathew J; Edgley, Amanda J ^[2]; Sonobe, Takashi; Ishibashi-Ueda, Hatsue; Shirai, Mikiyasu ^[3]; Umetani, Keiji ^[4]; Okura, Yasuhiko ^[5]

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1. Monash Centre for Synchrotron Science, Monash University, 3800 Clayton (Australia)
2. Department of Physiology, Monash University, 3800 Clayton (Australia)
3. National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita (Japan)
4. Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 679-5198 Harima (Japan)
5. Department of Clinical Radiology, Hiroshima International University, 724-0695 Kurose (Japan)

Changes in endothelial and smooth muscle function compromise organ perfusion in the chronic disease states of diabetes, atherosclerosis and hypertension. Moreover, vascular dysfunction increases the likelihood of lethal acute events such as myocardial infarction and stroke, which are now leading causes of adult mortality. Many circulating and local tissue factors in these disease states contribute to impaired vasomotor regulation of the arterial vessels, leading to spasm, chronic constriction and eventually vessel remodelling. X-ray contrast absorption imaging allows assessment of vessel lumen diameter and the factors contributing to steady-state vessel calibre, however, conventional clinical devices (>200 {mu}m resolution) are not adequate to detect microvessels or accurately assess function in real time. Using synchrotron imaging we are now able to detect small vessel calibres ({approx}30 {mu}m) and quantify regional differences in calibre even under conditions of high heart rate (>500 bpm). Herein we describe recent experiments that were conducted at the Japanese Synchrotron, SPring-8 using anaesthetised Sprague-Dawley rats and C57Bl/6 mice and a synchrotron radiation contrast angiography (single narrow energy bandwidth) approach based on selective arterial injection of iodine contrast agents. Application of this approach to imaging of the heart and other vasculatures are described. Our studies show that within-animal comparisons of 3-4 branching orders of arterial vessels are possible using small bolus contrast injections and appropriate contrast washout times (15-30 min) in many organ systems. Determination of relative calibre changes before and after any treatment allows us to evaluate the contributions of different endogenous factors and ligand-receptor pathways in the maintenance of vasomotor tone. Finally, we will present our findings relating to novel therapies to prevent endothelial dysfunction in heart failure.

• OSTI ID: 21415288
• Journal Information: AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 1266, Issue 1; Conference: 6. international conference on medical applications of synchrotron radiation, Melbourne (Australia), 15-18 Feb 2010; Other Information: DOI: 10.1063/1.3478204; (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics; ISSN 0094-243X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS
BIOMEDICAL RADIOGRAPHY
BLOOD VESSELS
CONTRAST MEDIA
HEART
HEART FAILURE
HYPERTENSION
IODINE
MAINTENANCE
MORTALITY
MUSCLES
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
RADIOTHERAPY
RECEPTORS
RESOLUTION
SPRING-8 STORAGE RING
STEADY-STATE CONDITIONS
SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
X RADIATION
BODY
BREMSSTRAHLUNG
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES
DISEASES
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELEMENTS
HALOGENS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MEDICINE
MEMBRANE PROTEINS
NONMETALS
NUCLEAR MEDICINE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PROTEINS
RADIATION SOURCES
RADIATIONS
RADIOLOGY
STORAGE RINGS
SYMPTOMS
SYNCHROTRON RADIATION SOURCES
THERAPY
VASCULAR DISEASES