Optimal reaction for synthesis of superheavy element 117

Liu, Z H; Jingdong, Bao

doi:10.1103/PHYSREVC.80.034601

Title: Optimal reaction for synthesis of superheavy element 117

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Abstract

Fusion reactions leading to the formation of superheavy element 117 are systematically analyzed. Among the reactions considered, the {sup 250}Bk({sup 48}Ca,4n){sup 294}117 reaction has the largest evaporation residue (ER) cross section of about 2 pb. However, this reaction is hard to realize experimentally because it is difficult to accumulate sufficient amount of target material due to the short lifetime of {sup 250}Bk nucleus. For the reaction {sup 48}Ca+{sup 249}Bk, our estimation shows that the ER cross sections in 3n and 4n channels may be expected to be greater than 1 pb. Therefore, {sup 48}Ca and {sup 249}Bk should be the optimal projectile-target combination for synthesis of superheavy element 117 in practice. In addition, as a main result of systematic analysis, we find that the ER cross section exponentially depends on the mass difference (in unit of temperature) of fission and neutron emission saddle points. Therefore, it is of essential importance for the successful synthesis of superheavy nuclei to select the isotopic composition of projectile and/or target so as the mass difference of fission and neutron emission saddle points as large as possible. Entrance channel effects are examined by means of a comparison of the reactions {sup 48}Ca+{sup 245}Bk, {sup 50}Ti+{supmore »« less

Authors:

Liu, Z H ^[1]; Jingdong, Bao ^[2]

China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275, Beijing 102413 (China)
Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (China)

Publication Date:: Tue Sep 15 00:00:00 EDT 2009

OSTI Identifier:: 21293838

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 80; Journal Issue: 3; Other Information: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.034601; (c) 2009 The American Physical Society; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0556-2813

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; AMERICIUM 243; BERKELIUM 245; BERKELIUM 249; BERKELIUM 250; CALCIUM 48; COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS; COMPOUND NUCLEI; CROSS SECTIONS; ELEMENT 117; EVAPORATION; FISSION; ISOTOPE RATIO; LIFETIME; MANGANESE 55; MASS DIFFERENCE; NEUTRON EMISSION; SYNTHESIS; TITANIUM 50; URANIUM 238

Citation Formats


                    Liu, Z H, Jingdong, Bao, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics China, CAS, Beijing 100190, and Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator, Lanzhou 730000. Optimal reaction for synthesis of superheavy element 117.  United States: N. p., 2009. 
        Web.  doi:10.1103/PHYSREVC.80.034601.

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                    Liu, Z H, Jingdong, Bao, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics China, CAS, Beijing 100190, & Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator, Lanzhou 730000. Optimal reaction for synthesis of superheavy element 117.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVC.80.034601

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                    Liu, Z H, Jingdong, Bao, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics China, CAS, Beijing 100190, and Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator, Lanzhou 730000. 2009.  
        "Optimal reaction for synthesis of superheavy element 117".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVC.80.034601.

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@article{osti_21293838,

  title        = {Optimal reaction for synthesis of superheavy element 117},

  author       = {Liu, Z H and Jingdong, Bao and Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics China, CAS, Beijing 100190 and Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator, Lanzhou 730000},

  abstractNote = {Fusion reactions leading to the formation of superheavy element 117 are systematically analyzed. Among the reactions considered, the {sup 250}Bk({sup 48}Ca,4n){sup 294}117 reaction has the largest evaporation residue (ER) cross section of about 2 pb. However, this reaction is hard to realize experimentally because it is difficult to accumulate sufficient amount of target material due to the short lifetime of {sup 250}Bk nucleus. For the reaction {sup 48}Ca+{sup 249}Bk, our estimation shows that the ER cross sections in 3n and 4n channels may be expected to be greater than 1 pb. Therefore, {sup 48}Ca and {sup 249}Bk should be the optimal projectile-target combination for synthesis of superheavy element 117 in practice. In addition, as a main result of systematic analysis, we find that the ER cross section exponentially depends on the mass difference (in unit of temperature) of fission and neutron emission saddle points. Therefore, it is of essential importance for the successful synthesis of superheavy nuclei to select the isotopic composition of projectile and/or target so as the mass difference of fission and neutron emission saddle points as large as possible. Entrance channel effects are examined by means of a comparison of the reactions {sup 48}Ca+{sup 245}Bk, {sup 50}Ti+{sup 243}Am, and {sup 55}Mn+{sup 238}U leading to the same compound nucleus {sup 293}117. The ER cross sections of the reactions {sup 50}Ti+{sup 243}Am and {sup 55}Mn+{sup 238}U are much smaller than that of {sup 48}Ca+{sup 245}Bk.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PHYSREVC.80.034601},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/21293838},
  journal      = {Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics},

  issn         = {0556-2813},

  number       = 3,

  volume       = 80,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Sep 15 00:00:00 EDT 2009},

  month        = {Tue Sep 15 00:00:00 EDT 2009}

}

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