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Title: Sewage sludge ash to phosphorus fertiliser: Variables influencing heavy metal removal during thermochemical treatment

Abstract

The aim of this study was to improve the removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge ash by a thermochemical process. The resulting detoxified ash was intended for use as a raw material rich in phosphorus (P) for inorganic fertiliser production. The thermochemical treatment was performed in a rotary kiln where the evaporation of relevant heavy metals was enhanced by additives. The four variables investigated for process optimisation were treatment temperature, type of additive (KCl, MgCl{sub 2}) and its amount, as well as type of reactor (directly or indirectly heated rotary kiln). The removal rates of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and of Ca, P and Cl were investigated. The best overall removal efficiency for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn could be found for the indirectly heated system. The type of additive was critical, since MgCl{sub 2} favours Zn- over Cu-removal, while KCl acts conversely. The use of MgCl{sub 2} caused less particle abrasion from the pellets in the kiln than KCl. In the case of the additive KCl, liquid KCl - temporarily formed in the pellets - acted as a barrier to heavy metal evaporation as long as treatment temperatures were not sufficiently high to enhance its reactionmore » or evaporation.« less

Authors:
;  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1]
  1. Austrian Bioenergy Centre GmbH, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010 Graz (Austria)
  2. ARP GmbH, Johann Sacklgasse 65-67, 8700 Leoben (Austria)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
21215948
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Waste Management
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 28; Journal Issue: 12; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.01.005; PII: S0956-053X(08)00031-7; Copyright (c) 2008 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0956-053X
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; HEAVY METALS; MAGNESIUM CHLORIDES; POTASSIUM CHLORIDES; SEWAGE SLUDGE; SUPERPHOSPHATES; THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES

Citation Formats

Mattenberger, H, Fraissler, G, Brunner, T, BIOS BIOENERGIESYSTEME GmbH, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010 Graz, Herk, P, Hermann, L, ASH DEC Umwelt AG, Donaufelderstrasse 101/4/5, 1210 Wien, Obernberger, I, and BIOS BIOENERGIESYSTEME GmbH, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010 Graz. Sewage sludge ash to phosphorus fertiliser: Variables influencing heavy metal removal during thermochemical treatment. United States: N. p., 2008. Web. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2008.01.005.
Mattenberger, H, Fraissler, G, Brunner, T, BIOS BIOENERGIESYSTEME GmbH, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010 Graz, Herk, P, Hermann, L, ASH DEC Umwelt AG, Donaufelderstrasse 101/4/5, 1210 Wien, Obernberger, I, & BIOS BIOENERGIESYSTEME GmbH, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010 Graz. Sewage sludge ash to phosphorus fertiliser: Variables influencing heavy metal removal during thermochemical treatment. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.01.005
Mattenberger, H, Fraissler, G, Brunner, T, BIOS BIOENERGIESYSTEME GmbH, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010 Graz, Herk, P, Hermann, L, ASH DEC Umwelt AG, Donaufelderstrasse 101/4/5, 1210 Wien, Obernberger, I, and BIOS BIOENERGIESYSTEME GmbH, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010 Graz. 2008. "Sewage sludge ash to phosphorus fertiliser: Variables influencing heavy metal removal during thermochemical treatment". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.01.005.
@article{osti_21215948,
title = {Sewage sludge ash to phosphorus fertiliser: Variables influencing heavy metal removal during thermochemical treatment},
author = {Mattenberger, H and Fraissler, G and Brunner, T and BIOS BIOENERGIESYSTEME GmbH, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010 Graz and Herk, P and Hermann, L and ASH DEC Umwelt AG, Donaufelderstrasse 101/4/5, 1210 Wien and Obernberger, I and BIOS BIOENERGIESYSTEME GmbH, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010 Graz},
abstractNote = {The aim of this study was to improve the removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge ash by a thermochemical process. The resulting detoxified ash was intended for use as a raw material rich in phosphorus (P) for inorganic fertiliser production. The thermochemical treatment was performed in a rotary kiln where the evaporation of relevant heavy metals was enhanced by additives. The four variables investigated for process optimisation were treatment temperature, type of additive (KCl, MgCl{sub 2}) and its amount, as well as type of reactor (directly or indirectly heated rotary kiln). The removal rates of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and of Ca, P and Cl were investigated. The best overall removal efficiency for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn could be found for the indirectly heated system. The type of additive was critical, since MgCl{sub 2} favours Zn- over Cu-removal, while KCl acts conversely. The use of MgCl{sub 2} caused less particle abrasion from the pellets in the kiln than KCl. In the case of the additive KCl, liquid KCl - temporarily formed in the pellets - acted as a barrier to heavy metal evaporation as long as treatment temperatures were not sufficiently high to enhance its reaction or evaporation.},
doi = {10.1016/j.wasman.2008.01.005},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/21215948}, journal = {Waste Management},
issn = {0956-053X},
number = 12,
volume = 28,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Dec 15 00:00:00 EST 2008},
month = {Mon Dec 15 00:00:00 EST 2008}
}