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Title: Surface chemistry and surface electronic properties of ZnO single crystals and nanorods

Abstract

The surface chemistry of ZnO single crystals of (0001) and (1010) orientations and ZnO nanorods was studied using x-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopies. Air drying and UV-ozone preparations were studied in particular as chemical treatments that could be applied to poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-ZnO solar cells to enhance performance. The UV-ozone treatment showed negligible effect by photoelectron spectroscopy on the ZnO single crystal surfaces, but brought about electronic shifts consistent with increased upward band bending by {approx}0.25 eV on the ZnO nanorod surface. Modest interface dipoles of {approx}0.15 and {approx}0.25 eV were measured between P3HT and the (1010) and (0001) single crystal orientations, respectively, with the dipole moment pointing from ZnO to the P3HT layer. The sol-gel films showed evidence of forming a small interface dipole in the opposite direction, which illustrates the difference in surface chemistry between the solution-grown ZnO and the ZnO single crystals.

Authors:
; ; ;  [1]
  1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (United States)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
21195006
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology. A, International Journal Devoted to Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 27; Journal Issue: 2; Other Information: DOI: 10.1116/1.3085723; (c) 2009 American Vacuum Society; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 1553-1813
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; CHEMISTRY; EV RANGE 01-10; MONOCRYSTALS; NANOSTRUCTURES; SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS; SOL-GEL PROCESS; SOLAR CELLS; SURFACES; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; X RADIATION; X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; ZINC OXIDES

Citation Formats

Uhlrich, J J, Olson, D C, Hsu, J W. P., Kuech, T F, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706. Surface chemistry and surface electronic properties of ZnO single crystals and nanorods. United States: N. p., 2009. Web. doi:10.1116/1.3085723.
Uhlrich, J J, Olson, D C, Hsu, J W. P., Kuech, T F, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, & Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706. Surface chemistry and surface electronic properties of ZnO single crystals and nanorods. United States. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.3085723
Uhlrich, J J, Olson, D C, Hsu, J W. P., Kuech, T F, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706. 2009. "Surface chemistry and surface electronic properties of ZnO single crystals and nanorods". United States. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.3085723.
@article{osti_21195006,
title = {Surface chemistry and surface electronic properties of ZnO single crystals and nanorods},
author = {Uhlrich, J J and Olson, D C and Hsu, J W. P. and Kuech, T F and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185 and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706},
abstractNote = {The surface chemistry of ZnO single crystals of (0001) and (1010) orientations and ZnO nanorods was studied using x-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopies. Air drying and UV-ozone preparations were studied in particular as chemical treatments that could be applied to poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-ZnO solar cells to enhance performance. The UV-ozone treatment showed negligible effect by photoelectron spectroscopy on the ZnO single crystal surfaces, but brought about electronic shifts consistent with increased upward band bending by {approx}0.25 eV on the ZnO nanorod surface. Modest interface dipoles of {approx}0.15 and {approx}0.25 eV were measured between P3HT and the (1010) and (0001) single crystal orientations, respectively, with the dipole moment pointing from ZnO to the P3HT layer. The sol-gel films showed evidence of forming a small interface dipole in the opposite direction, which illustrates the difference in surface chemistry between the solution-grown ZnO and the ZnO single crystals.},
doi = {10.1116/1.3085723},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/21195006}, journal = {Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology. A, International Journal Devoted to Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films},
issn = {1553-1813},
number = 2,
volume = 27,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2009},
month = {Sun Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2009}
}